He Hong, Wang Xin, Wang Pan, Liu Siyuan
Public Health & Disease Prevention and Control Interdisciplinary Major Innovation Platform, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China.
Institute of Health Sciences Research, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China.
J Interpers Violence. 2024 Jan;39(1-2):214-236. doi: 10.1177/08862605231196106. Epub 2023 Aug 31.
Sexual harassment in universities harms the physical and psychological health and development of students. Although Chinese universities are required to implement sexual harassment interventions, few studies have estimated how well interventions are perceived by students and the association with their perceptions and attitudes toward sexual harassment. This study aims to examine the perceptions and attitudes toward sexual harassment and perceived sexual harassment interventions among university students. Further, it evaluated the association between sexual harassment interventions and sexual harassment perceptions and attitudes among university students and explored potential gender differences in the observed associations. We categorized sexual harassment interventions into three types of strategies (informal education activities, prevention mechanisms, and multiformat publicity) and designed an 8-item scale for sexual harassment perception and a 10-item scale for sexual harassment attitude. A total of 872 students were recruited from six universities in Beijing, China. Association between intervention strategies and sexual harassment perceptions and attitudes was analyzed using multiple linear regression. The results showed that 78.56% of the university students recognized all sexual harassment behaviors, and 11.58% felt angry about all sexual harassment behaviors. Male students felt angrier at same-sex harassment than female students ( < .001). Overall, the students were aware of approximately 3 of the 13 sexual harassment interventions. None of the three intervention strategies was significantly associated with perceptions of sexual harassment ( > .050). The attitude toward sexual harassment was positively associated with informal education activities (coeff = 0.055, = .015) and multiformat publicity (coeff = 0.077, = .030) among female students, and negatively associated with prevention mechanisms (coeff = -0.123, = .033) among male students. Our findings imply that sexual harassment interventions are not well known among university students. Universities should develop and propagate more sexual harassment informal education activities and multiformat publicity intervention strategies and pay more attention to gender differences in intervention strategies.
大学中的性骚扰会损害学生的身心健康与发展。尽管中国的大学被要求实施性骚扰干预措施，但很少有研究评估学生对这些干预措施的接受程度，以及它们与学生对性骚扰的认知和态度之间的关联。本研究旨在调查大学生对性骚扰的认知和态度，以及他们对性骚扰干预措施的看法。此外，研究还评估了性骚扰干预措施与大学生对性骚扰的认知和态度之间的关联，并探讨了观察到的关联中潜在的性别差异。我们将性骚扰干预措施分为三种策略类型（非正式教育活动、预防机制和多种形式的宣传），并设计了一个包含8个条目的性骚扰认知量表和一个包含10个条目的性骚扰态度量表。在中国北京的六所大学共招募了872名学生。使用多元线性回归分析干预策略与性骚扰认知和态度之间的关联。结果显示，78.56%的大学生认识所有性骚扰行为，11.58%的学生对所有性骚扰行为感到愤怒。男学生对同性骚扰比女学生更感到愤怒（<0.001）。总体而言，学生们知晓13项性骚扰干预措施中的约3项。三种干预策略均与性骚扰认知无显著关联（>0.050）。在女学生中，对性骚扰的态度与非正式教育活动（系数=0.055，P=0.015）和多种形式的宣传（系数=0.077，P=0.030）呈正相关，而在男学生中，对性骚扰的态度与预防机制呈负相关（系数=-0.123，P=0.033）。我们的研究结果表明，大学生对性骚扰干预措施了解不足。大学应制定并推广更多的性骚扰非正式教育活动和多种形式的宣传干预策略，并更加关注干预策略中的性别差异。
