Department of Cancer Control and Policy, National Cancer Center Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, Goyang, Republic of Korea.
Directorate of Cancer Research and Training, Uganda Cancer Institute, Kampala, Uganda.
Oncology. 2024;102(2):141-156. doi: 10.1159/000531110. Epub 2023 Aug 31.
Previous observational studies have reported inconsistent findings on the association between consumption of sugar-sweetened soft drinks (SSSDs) and the risk of gastrointestinal (GI) cancer. This study investigated the associations between SSSD consumption and the risk of GI cancer using a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Observational epidemiological studies were searched from the PubMed and EMBASE databases until June 2021. We conducted a meta-analysis of all included studies and subgroup meta-analyses based on various factors.
In a meta-analysis of 27 studies with nine case-control studies and 18 cohort studies, the consumption of SSSDs was modestly associated with an increased risk of GI cancer (odds ratio [OR]/relative risk [RR]: 1.08; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01-1.16), with a significant positive dose-response relationship. In the subgroup meta-analysis by study design, there was a significant positive association between the consumption of SSSDs and GI cancer in cohort studies (RR: 1.11; 95% CI: 1.03-1.20; n = 18), but not in case-control studies. In the subgroup meta-analysis by type of cancer, consumption of SSSDs was significantly associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer (OR/RR: 1.13; 95% CI: 1.07-1.19).
This meta-analysis suggests that SSSD consumption significantly increases the risk of GI cancer, specifically colorectal cancer.
先前的观察性研究报告了含糖软饮料（SSSD）消费与胃肠道（GI）癌症风险之间的关联结果不一致。本研究通过系统评价和荟萃分析调查了 SSSD 消费与 GI 癌症风险之间的关联。
从 PubMed 和 EMBASE 数据库中搜索了观察性流行病学研究，检索截至 2021 年 6 月。我们对所有纳入的研究进行了荟萃分析，并根据各种因素进行了亚组荟萃分析。
在对 27 项研究（9 项病例对照研究和 18 项队列研究）进行荟萃分析中，SSSD 的消费与 GI 癌症风险增加适度相关（比值比 [OR]/相对风险 [RR]：1.08；95%置信区间 [CI]：1.01-1.16），且存在显著的正向剂量-反应关系。在按研究设计进行的亚组荟萃分析中，队列研究中 SSSD 的消费与 GI 癌症之间存在显著的正相关关系（RR：1.11；95% CI：1.03-1.20；n = 18），但在病例对照研究中没有。在按癌症类型进行的亚组荟萃分析中，SSSD 的消费与结直肠癌风险增加显著相关（OR/RR：1.13；95% CI：1.07-1.19）。
本荟萃分析表明，SSSD 的消费显著增加了 GI 癌症，特别是结直肠癌的风险。
