Global Health Strategies LLC, Southport, Connecticut, USA.
ABF Analytisch-Biologisches Forschunglabor GmbH, Planegg, Germany.
Drug Test Anal. 2023 Oct;15(10):1127-1132. doi: 10.1002/dta.3567. Epub 2023 Aug 31.
Despite efforts to eliminate smoking, more than 1 billion people worldwide continue to use combustible cigarettes through choice or inability to quit. With an associated 8 million deaths, the provision of noncombustible tobacco and nicotine products that smokers will accept to replace combustible cigarettes can lessen harm. However, most of these products have entered the market only in the past 20 years. Therefore, particularly for some smoking-related diseases, epidemiological studies to test harm reduction potential are only now becoming feasible. For cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, around two decades of data might be required. In this article, we discuss how the use of biomarkers might be applied to supplement epidemiological research for regulators. We further discuss how health providers and insurers can keep up with the rapid changes in biomarker research and recognize these reduced risks.
尽管人们努力消除吸烟现象，但由于选择或无法戒烟，全球仍有超过 10 亿人继续使用可燃香烟。吸烟者选择接受非可燃烟草和尼古丁产品来替代可燃香烟，可减轻其危害，然而，这些产品大多数仅在过去 20 年才进入市场。因此，对于一些与吸烟有关的疾病，目前才开始进行测试潜在减害效果的流行病学研究。对于癌症和慢性阻塞性肺疾病，可能需要大约 20 年的数据。本文中，我们讨论了生物标志物的使用如何可以为监管机构补充流行病学研究，我们还进一步讨论了卫生保健提供者和保险公司如何跟上生物标志物研究的快速变化，并认识到这些风险的降低。
