Faculty of Pharmacy, Panipat Institute of Engineering and Technology Panipat, Haryana, India.
Neuropharmacology division, Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, (Pb.) 142001, India.
Curr Diabetes Rev. 2024;20(7):e310823220578. doi: 10.2174/1573399820666230831153249.
Monoclonal antibodies have been successfully utilized in a variety of animal models to treat auto-immune illnesses for a long time. Immune system responses will either be less active or more active depending on how the immune system is operating abnormally. Immune system hypoactivity reduces the body's capacity to fight off various invading pathogens, whereas immune system hyperactivity causes the body to attack and kill its own tissues and cells. For maximal patient compliance, we will concentrate on a variety of antibody therapies in this study to treat Type 1 diabetes (an autoimmune condition). T-cells are responsible for the auto-immune condition known as T1D, which causes irregularities in the function of β-cells in the pancreas. As a result, for the treatment and prevention of T1D, immunotherapies that selectively restore continuous beta cellspecific self-tolerance are needed. Utilizing monoclonal antibodies is one way to specifically target immune cell populations responsible for the auto-immune-driven disease (mAb). Numerous mAbs have demonstrated clinical safety and varied degrees of success in modulating autoimmunity, including T1D. A targeted cell population is exhausted by mAb treatments, regardless of antigenic specificity. One drawback of this treatment is the loss of obtained protective immunity. Immune effector cell function is regulated by nondepleting monoclonal antibodies (mAb). The antigenfocused new drug delivery system is made possible by the adaptability of mAbs. For the treatment of T1D and T-cell-mediated autoimmunity, different existing and potential mAb therapy methods are described in this article.
单克隆抗体在多种动物模型中已成功用于治疗自身免疫疾病已有很长时间。免疫系统的反应要么不活跃，要么更活跃，这取决于免疫系统的运作方式是否异常。免疫系统功能低下会降低身体抵抗各种入侵病原体的能力，而免疫系统过度活跃会导致身体攻击和杀死自身组织和细胞。为了使患者最大程度地配合，我们将在本研究中专注于多种抗体疗法来治疗 1 型糖尿病（一种自身免疫性疾病）。T 细胞负责自身免疫疾病，即 T1D，它会导致胰腺β细胞功能异常。因此，需要针对自身免疫驱动的疾病（mAb）选择性地恢复持续的β细胞特异性自身耐受性的免疫疗法来治疗和预防 T1D。利用单克隆抗体是特异性靶向负责自身免疫疾病的免疫细胞群的一种方法（mAb）。许多 mAb 已在调节自身免疫方面显示出临床安全性和不同程度的成功，包括 T1D。mAb 治疗会耗尽靶向细胞群，而与抗原特异性无关。这种治疗的一个缺点是失去获得的保护性免疫。非耗竭性单克隆抗体（mAb）调节免疫效应细胞功能。mAb 的适应性使得抗原靶向的新型药物输送系统成为可能。本文描述了不同的现有和潜在 mAb 治疗方法，用于治疗 T1D 和 T 细胞介导的自身免疫。
