University Museum System of Siena (SIMUS), History of Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.
Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Italy, UNESCO CHAIR "Anthropology of Health - Biosphere and Healing System, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
J Prev Med Hyg. 2023 Jun 1;64(2):E204-E208. doi: 10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2023.64.2.2996. eCollection 2023 Jun.
Measles, a highly contagious and dangerous disease that can cause disability or even death, remains endemic in Ukraine. This is a serious public health problem that absolutely needs to be monitored. Indeed, in the years 2017-2019, Ukraine was hit by a major measles epidemic, which caused serious problems for the population. The numerous efforts to contain the spread of measles in the country are now waning in the face of a devastating war, which has already lasted for over a year, and the COVID-19 pandemic, which has further complicated the general situation.
In this paper, the authors highlight a very serious public health problem and invoke the immediate implementation of an effective vaccination policy.
The percentages of measles vaccination coverage in Ukraine have decreased drastically since the beginning of the conflict (which began on February 24, 2022), and this is a source of concern regarding the possibility of a new major measles epidemic. Indeed, a measles epidemic at this time would have frightening consequences, given the conditions in which the Ukrainian population is now living. The United Nations estimates that at least 6 million people have been displaced within Ukraine as a result of the conflict, and this internal mass exodus has significantly affected vaccination coverage and adherence to vaccination schedules, despite the efforts of the Ukrainian health authorities.
The ministry of health has prioritized vaccination programs with the help of the World Health Organization (WHO) and UNICEF, which are ensuring the free supply and delivery of vaccines through the deployment of mobile vaccination teams, even in areas where health facilities are not accessible. The main objective is to vaccinate as many people as possible in order to avoid a new epidemic, which could spread to the whole of Ukraine and also to other countries.
麻疹是一种高度传染性且危险的疾病，可导致残疾甚至死亡，在乌克兰仍呈地方性流行。这是一个严重的公共卫生问题，绝对需要监测。事实上，在 2017 年至 2019 年期间，乌克兰爆发了一场大规模麻疹疫情，给民众带来了严重问题。在持续了一年多的毁灭性战争和使整体情况更加复杂的 COVID-19 大流行面前，该国为遏制麻疹传播所做的众多努力现在正在减弱。
本文作者强调了一个非常严重的公共卫生问题，并呼吁立即实施有效的疫苗接种政策。
自冲突（始于 2022 年 2 月 24 日）开始以来，乌克兰的麻疹疫苗接种覆盖率大幅下降，这令人担忧麻疹可能再次爆发大规模流行。事实上，在乌克兰民众目前所处的生活条件下，此时发生麻疹疫情将产生可怕的后果。联合国估计，由于冲突，至少有 600 万人在乌克兰境内流离失所，这种内部人口大规模外流严重影响了疫苗接种覆盖率和接种计划的遵守情况，尽管乌克兰卫生当局做出了努力。
在世界卫生组织（世卫组织）和儿基会的帮助下，卫生部已将疫苗接种计划作为优先事项，这些组织通过部署流动疫苗接种队确保免费供应和提供疫苗，即使在无法获得卫生设施的地区也是如此。主要目标是为尽可能多的人接种疫苗，以避免新的疫情爆发，这种疫情可能会蔓延到乌克兰全境，并传播到其他国家。
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