MSC Student of Geriatric Nursing, Zeynab (P.B.U.H) School of Nursing and Midwifery, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
Assistant Professor, PhD in Department of Nursing, Zeynab (P.B.U.H) School of Nursing and Midwifery, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
J Prev Med Hyg. 2023 Aug 1;64(2):E188-E197. doi: 10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2023.64.2.2913. eCollection 2023 Jun.
The growing population of the elderly, the rising costs of medical care and the low use of preventive services are three factors that highlight the importance of using preventive health care services in the Iranian population. This study aimed to determine the status of the use of preventive care services and its associated socio-demographic factors in the elderly referred to health centers.
In this analytical cross-sectional study, a number of 160 elderly people referred to health centers in East Guilan, Iran was selected by multi-stage cluster sampling. Data were obtained from May to September, 2021 using a questionnaire containing utilization of preventive care services (9 items) and socio-demographic characteristics.
The highest and the lowest utilization rates of preventive care services among study participants were related to the blood pressure test (96.9%) and colonoscopy (17.5%), respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that only income had a significant association with performing fasting blood sugar test (p = 0.004), blood lipid test (p = 0.004), and blood pressure test (p = 0.013). Also, the associations between having an underlying disease and performing fasting blood sugar test (p = 0.032) and blood pressure test (p = 0.002), the association between gender and performing the bone mineral density test (p < 0.001), and the association between occupation and performing Pap-smear test (p = 0.011), were statistically significant.
The utilization rates of screening tests for most cancers, including gastrointestinal cancers, were low. Since, there were a significant association between income, disease, gender and occupation with the utilization of some preventive care services, considering them in health centers' preventive care program design might be useful.
老年人口的增长、医疗保健成本的上升以及预防服务利用率低是三个突出表明在伊朗人口中使用预防保健服务的重要性的因素。本研究旨在确定老年人在前往卫生中心时使用预防保健服务的状况及其与社会人口统计学因素的相关性。
在这项分析性横断面研究中，通过多阶段聚类抽样选择了伊朗东古兰省 160 名前往卫生中心的老年人。2021 年 5 月至 9 月期间，使用包含预防保健服务利用情况（9 项）和社会人口统计学特征的问卷获得了数据。
研究参与者中预防保健服务利用率最高和最低的项目分别为血压检查（96.9%）和结肠镜检查（17.5%）。多变量分析显示，只有收入与进行空腹血糖检查（p=0.004）、血脂检查（p=0.004）和血压检查（p=0.013）显著相关。此外，患有潜在疾病与进行空腹血糖检查（p=0.032）和血压检查（p=0.002）之间的关联、性别与进行骨密度检查（p<0.001）之间的关联以及职业与进行巴氏涂片检查（p=0.011）之间的关联均具有统计学意义。
针对大多数癌症（包括胃肠道癌症）的筛查检查利用率较低。由于收入、疾病、性别和职业与一些预防保健服务的利用之间存在显著关联，因此在卫生中心的预防保健计划设计中考虑这些因素可能会有所帮助。
