Hiraldo Juan Diego Guerra, Fuerte-Hortigón Alejandro, Domínguez-Mayoral Ana, De la Rosa Riestra Sandra, Palacios-Baena Zaira R, Fernández Félix Sánchez, Ruiz Rocio López, Pascual-Vaca Diego, de León Carmen Menéndez, Hurtado Rafael Jiménez, Sanbonmatsu-Gámez Sara
Department of Neurology, University Hospital Virgen Macarena, Seville, Spain.
Department of Neurology, University Hospital Virgen Macarena, Seville, Spain.
J Neuroimmunol. 2023 Oct 15;383:578179. doi: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2023.578179. Epub 2023 Aug 25.
The 2020-21 West Nile Virus (WNV) outbreak in Andalusia, Spain, was the largest reported in the country, with eight cases of West Nile Neuroinvasive Disease (WNND) diagnosed in a tertiary hospital. Diagnosis of WNND is based on detecting WNV RNA, viral isolation, or demonstrating a specific immune response against the virus, with additional tests used to support the diagnosis. Treatment remains supportive, with variable outcomes. The potential efficacy of plasma exchange (PLEX) in select cases raises the possibility of an autoimmune component secondary to infectious pathology of the central nervous system. The influence of climate change on the expansion of WNV into new regions is a significant concern. It is crucial for physicians practicing in high-risk areas to be knowledgeable about the disease for early prevention and effective control measures.
2020 - 2021年西班牙安达卢西亚爆发的西尼罗河病毒（WNV）疫情是该国报告的规模最大的一次，一家三级医院诊断出8例西尼罗河神经侵袭性疾病（WNND）。WNND的诊断基于检测WNV RNA、病毒分离或证明针对该病毒的特异性免疫反应，并使用其他检测来支持诊断。治疗仍以支持性治疗为主，结果各异。血浆置换（PLEX）在特定病例中的潜在疗效增加了中枢神经系统感染性病理继发自身免疫成分的可能性。气候变化对WNV向新区域扩散的影响是一个重大问题。在高风险地区执业的医生了解该疾病对于早期预防和采取有效控制措施至关重要。
