College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China.
State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2023 Dec 31;253(Pt 1):126621. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126621. Epub 2023 Aug 30.
Soluble dietary fiber (SDF), an important prebiotic, has attracted growing attention, due to its great health effects and wide application. This study focused on the preparation of SDF from fermented okara. The yield of SDF obtained through Penicillium expansum fermentation (FSDF) reached 45.63 % (w/w) under the optimal conditions (pH 6.7, inoculum size 9.5 %, and time 29 h) by response surface methodology, which were 1.92 and 4.43 times higher than those of phosphate-citric acid treatment and untreated okara. Infrared spectra and X-ray diffraction indicated that three SDFs had similar spectral distribution and crystalline region. Moreover, FSDF displayed looser and more porous microstructures. Meanwhile, the composition ratio of monosaccharides has changed. FSDF exhibited higher water solubility (97.46 %), glucose adsorption capacity (203.73 mg/g), sodium cholate adsorption capacity (13.07 mg/g), cholesterol adsorption capacity (6.69- 7.62 mg/g) and radical (ABTS, hydroxyl and DPPH) scavenging capacity. Additionally, three SDFs didn't degrade by upper gastrointestinal tract and could improve the proportion of beneficial intestinal flora in vitro, such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium. Overall, the FSDF prepared in this study was a functional ingredient with great potential in foods.
可溶性膳食纤维（SDF）作为一种重要的益生元，因其对健康的巨大益处和广泛的应用而受到越来越多的关注。本研究聚焦于从发酵豆渣中制备 SDF。通过响应面法，在最佳条件（pH 6.7、接种量 9.5%、时间 29 h）下，扩展青霉发酵得到的 SDF 的产率达到 45.63%（w/w），分别比磷酸柠檬酸处理和未处理豆渣提高了 1.92 倍和 4.43 倍。红外光谱和 X 射线衍射表明，三种 SDF 具有相似的光谱分布和结晶区。此外，FSDF 表现出更疏松、多孔的微观结构。同时，单糖组成比例发生变化。FSDF 具有更高的水溶性（97.46%）、葡萄糖吸附能力（203.73 mg/g）、胆酸钠吸附能力（13.07 mg/g）、胆固醇吸附能力（6.69-7.62 mg/g）和自由基（ABTS、羟基和 DPPH）清除能力。此外，三种 SDF 在上消化道内不会被降解，并能在体外提高有益肠道菌群的比例，如乳酸菌和双歧杆菌。总的来说，本研究中制备的 FSDF 是一种具有巨大潜力的功能性食品成分。
