Postgraduate Program in Dentistry and Health, School of Dentistry, Faculdade de Odontologia, Avenida Araújo Pinho, Federal University of Bahia, Av. Araujo Pinho, 62, CEP: 4110-150 62, Canela 40110-150, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Northeast Biotechnology Network (RENORBIO), Federal University of Bahia, Av. Araujo Pinho, 62, CEP 4110-160, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther. 2023 Dec;44:103776. doi: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103776. Epub 2023 Aug 30.
The present study aimed to evaluate the adjunctive effect of an antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) protocol on single-rooted teeth of patients with grade C periodontitis.
Sixty-four single-rooted teeth (14 patients) were included in each group of this double-blinded split-mouth randomized clinical trial. The teeth were randomly divided into scaling and root planing + aPDT (test group) and scaling and root planing+sham aPDT (control group). The aPDT protocol consisted of incubation with 1% methylene blue for 5 min, rinsing, and application of a diode laser (wavelength of 660 nm, power of 100 mW) for 10 s. aPDT was repeated after 7 days. Bleeding on probing (BoP), probing depth (PD), gingival recession (GR), and clinical attachment loss (CAL) were recorded before and 3 months after treatment. A 5% significance level was adopted for statistical analysis.
Final PD was significantly (P = 0.02) lower in the test group (2.87 ± 1.40 mm) compared to control (3.12 ± 1.69 mm). The test group showed a significantly higher percentage of sites with PD≤4 mm and concomitant BoP compared to control (91%x86%;P < 0.001). At sites with baseline PD>4 mm, final PD and CAL were significantly (P = 0.01) lower in the test group (4.11 ± 1.66 and 4.89 ± 2.49 mm, respectively) compared to control (4.88 ± 1.99 and 5.89 ± 2.74 mm, respectively).
aPDT combined with scaling and root planning provided slightly better periodontal clinical results than the latter procedure alone, exerting a superior effect at sites with greater baseline PD. aPDT might be used as adjunctive treatment in grade C periodontitis affecting single-rooted teeth since it improves the response to conventional periodontal treatment.
本研究旨在评估抗菌光动力疗法（aPDT）方案对 C 级牙周炎患者单根牙的辅助作用。
本双盲、劈裂口腔随机临床试验纳入了 64 颗单根牙（14 名患者），每组 32 颗。这些牙齿被随机分为牙周刮治和根面平整+aPDT（实验组）和牙周刮治和根面平整+假 aPDT（对照组）。aPDT 方案包括 1%亚甲蓝孵育 5 分钟、冲洗和二极管激光（波长 660nm，功率 100mW）照射 10 秒，7 天后重复。治疗前和治疗后 3 个月记录探诊出血（BoP）、探诊深度（PD）、牙龈退缩（GR）和临床附着丧失（CAL）。采用 5%的显著性水平进行统计分析。
实验组的最终 PD（2.87±1.40mm）明显低于对照组（3.12±1.69mm）（P=0.02）。实验组 PD≤4mm 且伴有 BoP 的位点比例明显高于对照组（91%x86%；P<0.001）。在基线 PD>4mm 的位点，实验组的最终 PD 和 CAL 明显低于对照组（4.11±1.66mm 和 4.89±2.49mm 比 4.88±1.99mm 和 5.89±2.74mm，均为 P=0.01）。
与单独牙周刮治和根面平整相比，aPDT 联合牙周刮治和根面平整可提供略优的牙周临床效果，对基线 PD 较大的位点具有更好的效果。由于 aPDT 可改善常规牙周治疗的反应，因此可将其作为影响单根牙的 C 级牙周炎的辅助治疗方法。
