Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
Nutr Neurosci. 2024 Jul;27(7):770-782. doi: 10.1080/1028415X.2023.2253026. Epub 2023 Sep 2.
(also known as Trifoliate orange) is one of the commercially-cultivated Citrus genus of plants belonging to the Rutaceae family. It has been traditionally-utilized in treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. However, the scientific evidence verifying this utilization needs further elucidation.
Characterization of the bioactive constituents of L. fruits extract and evaluating its effect on Parkinson's disease (PD) model.
Rats were classified into 5 groups; control, PD, PD-treated by L-dopa/Carpidopa and PD-treated by oral L. fruits extract (50 and 100 mg/kg). Deterioration in brain functions was evaluated through an open field, grid and catalepsy tests. The study also assessed the striatal neurotransmitters, oxidative stress markers and histopathological changes.
L. fruit extract has revealed motor improvement comparable to L-dopa and carbidopa. It has also effectively-improved oxidative stress via reduction of striatal malondialdehyde & nitric oxide along with replenishment of the striatal glutathione and superoxide dismutase The extract caused significant reduction of the striatal myeloperoxidase activity and restoration of dopamine, γ-amino butyric acid (GABA), and acetylcholinesterase. This effect was further confirmed by amelioration of neuronal apoptosis, microgliosis and peri-neuronal vacuolation. Metabolite profiling revealed 40 constituents, with flavonoids representing the main identified class.
The neuro-protective effect of extract was achieved through the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of its flavonoids, particularly hesperidin and naringin. This neuro-protective effect was evident at the behavioral, histological and neurotransmitter levels.
（又名三叶枳）是芸香科柑橘属的一种商业种植植物。它在治疗神经退行性疾病方面一直有被传统应用。然而，验证这种应用的科学证据需要进一步阐明。
鉴定枳实提取物的生物活性成分，并评估其对帕金森病（PD）模型的作用。
将大鼠分为 5 组：对照组、PD 组、PD 用左旋多巴/卡比多巴治疗组和 PD 用口服枳实提取物（50 和 100mg/kg）治疗组。通过旷场、网格和僵立试验评估大脑功能的恶化。该研究还评估了纹状体神经递质、氧化应激标志物和组织病理学变化。
枳实提取物显示出与左旋多巴和卡比多巴相当的运动改善作用。它还通过降低纹状体丙二醛和一氧化氮，同时补充纹状体谷胱甘肽和超氧化物歧化酶，有效地改善了氧化应激。提取物还导致纹状体髓过氧化物酶活性显著降低，并恢复了多巴胺、γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）和乙酰胆碱酯酶。这种作用通过神经元凋亡、小胶质细胞增生和神经元周围空泡化的改善得到进一步证实。代谢物分析揭示了 40 种成分，其中类黄酮是主要的鉴定类。
提取物的神经保护作用是通过其类黄酮的抗氧化和抗炎活性实现的，特别是橙皮苷和柚皮苷。这种神经保护作用在行为、组织学和神经递质水平上都是明显的。
