Casabella-Herrero Gloria, Higuera-Gamindez Marta, Azcona Vicente Alcaide, Martín-Torrijos Laura, Diéguez-Uribeondo Javier
Mycology Department, Real Jardín Botánico-CSIC, Plaza Murillo 2, 28014 Madrid, Spain.
Centro de Investigación Agroambiental "El Chaparrillo", CM412 Carretera de Porzuna, km4, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain.
J Invertebr Pathol. 2023 Nov;201:107989. doi: 10.1016/j.jip.2023.107989. Epub 2023 Sep 1.
The crayfish plague, caused by the pathogen Aphanomyces astaci, is a pandemic disease endemic to North America that has been devastating susceptible crayfish populations in Europe since the 19th century. In Spain, this disease has decimated populations of the native crayfish species Austropotamobius pallipes due to introductions of North American crayfish, which act as vectors of the pathogen. To combat against these losses, several regional governments have established ex-situ breeding programs to restock wild populations of the species. In this study, we report on an outbreak of A. astaci that occurred in one of the most important A. pallipes aquaculture centers in Spain. Using a variety of detection methods, we analyzed affected crayfish and environmental samples from the facilities over a period of six months and determined that the outbreak was caused by two haplotypes of A. astaci, d1 and d2, which are both associated with the North American crayfish species Procambarus clarkii. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a two-haplotype coinfection of A. astaci outside the native range of this pathogen.
小龙虾瘟疫由病原体阿氏卵菌（Aphanomyces astaci）引起，是一种北美特有的大流行病，自19世纪以来一直在摧毁欧洲易感小龙虾种群。在西班牙，由于作为病原体载体的北美小龙虾的引入，这种疾病已使本地小龙虾物种西班牙溪小龙虾（Austropotamobius pallipes）的种群数量大幅减少。为了应对这些损失，几个地区政府已建立异地繁殖计划，以补充该物种的野生种群。在本研究中，我们报告了西班牙最重要的西班牙溪小龙虾水产养殖中心之一发生的阿氏卵菌疫情。我们使用多种检测方法，在六个月的时间里对该设施中受影响的小龙虾和环境样本进行了分析，确定此次疫情是由阿氏卵菌的两种单倍型d1和d2引起的，这两种单倍型都与北美小龙虾物种克氏原螯虾（Procambarus clarkii）有关。据我们所知，这是该病原体原生范围之外阿氏卵菌双单倍型共感染的首次报告。
