Laboratory for Industrial Water and Ecotechnology (LIWET), Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University Campus Kortrijk, Sint-Martens-Latemlaan 2B/5, 8500, Kortrijk, Belgium; Environmental Science Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, 9208, Bangladesh.
Laboratory for Industrial Water and Ecotechnology (LIWET), Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University Campus Kortrijk, Sint-Martens-Latemlaan 2B/5, 8500, Kortrijk, Belgium; Hello water, Kastanjeboomstraat 13, 8550, Zwevegem, Belgium.
J Environ Manage. 2023 Nov 1;345:118906. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118906. Epub 2023 Sep 1.
Electrocoagulation (EC) is a promising compact alternative technology, despite its viability in municipal wastewater treatment (MWWT) is currently challenged by its energy-intensive and batch-mode operation. This study introduces an innovative continuous electrocoagulation flotation (ECF) design for MWWT. ECF shows promising pollutant removal efficiencies, with identical results using both iron (Fe) and aluminum (Al) anodes. At a current density (CD) of 120 A/m, it achieved significant removals: 90% tCOD, 98% TP, 94% TSS, 60% BOD, and 40% TN. Designed ECF is proposed as a pre-treatment step due to limited TN removal. The study investigated optimal ECF performance under varying weather conditions using CD ranges of 40, 80, and 120 A/m. Both Fe and Al ECF outperformed in treating rainy weather (RW) and dry weather (DW) municipal wastewater (MWW). However, Al anode's super-faradaic behavior resulted in higher residual concentrations in effluent, (i.e., an average of 6.53-33.7 mg/L), and operational costs compared to Fe ECF. Optimized Fe ECF setting needs to be changed depending in the weather variation. Fe ECF achieved high removal rates for tCOD (94%) and TP (95%) in RW MWW at a low CD of 40 A/m. Comparative to this, the optimum CD for treated DW MWW was between 40 and 80 A/m, removing tCOD (71-73%) and TP (85-95%). Specifically, at these conditions, the operational expenses were respectively 0.47 ± 0.03 €/m (RW MWW), and 0.37 ± 0.02 €/m to 0.81 ± 0.04 €/m (DW MWW). Moreover, ECF enables resource recovery and a circular economy through anaerobic sludge digestion, with Fe ECF generating more biogas than Al.
电凝聚 (EC) 是一种很有前途的紧凑型替代技术，尽管它在城市废水处理 (MWWT) 中的可行性目前受到其能源密集型和批量操作的挑战。本研究介绍了一种用于 MWWT 的创新连续电凝聚浮选 (ECF) 设计。ECF 显示出有希望的污染物去除效率，使用铁 (Fe) 和铝 (Al) 阳极的结果相同。在电流密度 (CD) 为 120 A/m 时，它实现了显著的去除率：90%总 COD、98%总磷、94%总悬浮固体、60%BOD 和 40%TN。由于 TN 去除率有限，设计的 ECF 被提议作为预处理步骤。本研究在不同天气条件下使用 40、80 和 120 A/m 的 CD 范围，研究了最佳 ECF 性能。Fe 和 Al ECF 在处理雨天 (RW) 和干天 (DW) 城市废水 (MWW) 方面均表现出色。然而，与 Fe ECF 相比，Al 阳极的超法拉第行为导致废水中的残留浓度更高（即平均 6.53-33.7mg/L）和运营成本更高。优化的 Fe ECF 设置需要根据天气变化进行更改。在低 CD 40 A/m 下，Fe ECF 在 RW MWW 中实现了高去除率，对 tCOD（94%）和 TP（95%）的去除率。相比之下，处理 DW MWW 的最佳 CD 介于 40 和 80 A/m 之间，可去除 tCOD（71-73%）和 TP（85-95%）。具体来说，在这些条件下，运营成本分别为 0.47±0.03 欧元/m（RW MWW）和 0.37±0.02 欧元/m 至 0.81±0.04 欧元/m（DW MWW）。此外，ECF 通过厌氧污泥消化实现资源回收和循环经济，Fe ECF 产生的沼气比 Al 多。
