Abaza Abdelrahman, Jamil Aneeque, Gutlapalli Sai Dheeraj, Ali Marya, Oble Mrinal J P, Sonia Shamsun Nahar, George Sherie, Shahi Srushti R, Ali Zahra, Khan Safeera
Pathology, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences and Psychology, Fairfield, USA.
Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences and Psychology, Fairfield, USA.
Cureus. 2023 Aug 29;15(8):e44353. doi: 10.7759/cureus.44353. eCollection 2023 Aug.
Being one of the most prevalent progressive neurodegenerative disorders (falling second only to Alzheimer's disease) with a clinical pattern affecting millions of lives all over the world, Parkinson's disease (PD) has never failed to attract a formidable interest from the vast majority of neurologists and researchers worldwide. This review article will analyze the pathophysiology, etiology, genetics, and pathological stages of Parkinson's disease with their corresponding clinical sequels. A review article was conducted using research databases including PubMed, PubMed Central, Springer, and Elsevier. The research articles reviewed using databases were written in English, German, Japanese, and Chinese and published within the preceding 50 years. Based on the article's findings, we concluded that Parkinson's disease is a progressive disorder with a variety of motor and non-motor symptoms that are influenced by a cascade of pathological neuronal abnormalities such as Lewy neurites and Lewy bodies that gradually build up with an eventual consequence of neurodegeneration of dopamine-secreting neurons. Multiple genetic mutations, pathophysiological events, and environmental factors act as the foundation to initiate that cascade.
帕金森病（PD）是最常见的进行性神经退行性疾病之一（仅次于阿尔茨海默病），其临床症状影响着全球数百万人的生活，一直以来都吸引着全球绝大多数神经科医生和研究人员的极大关注。这篇综述文章将分析帕金森病的病理生理学、病因学、遗传学和病理阶段及其相应的临床后果。我们使用包括PubMed、PubMed Central、Springer和Elsevier在内的研究数据库进行了综述。使用这些数据库检索的研究文章以英文、德文、日文和中文撰写，并发表于过去50年内。基于文章的研究结果，我们得出结论：帕金森病是一种进行性疾病，具有多种运动和非运动症状，这些症状受到一系列病理性神经元异常（如路易神经突和路易小体）的影响，这些异常逐渐累积，最终导致多巴胺分泌神经元发生神经退行性变。多种基因突变、病理生理事件和环境因素是引发这一系列变化的基础。
