Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue Boston, MA 02215, USA.
Department of Neurology, University of California - San Francisco, 1635 Divisadero St., Suite 520-530, San Francisco, CA 94115; Parkinson's Disease Research Education and Clinical Center San Francisco Veteran's Affairs Medical Center, 4150 Clement St. (127P), San Francisco, CA 94121.
Clin Geriatr Med. 2020 Feb;36(1):1-12. doi: 10.1016/j.cger.2019.08.002. Epub 2019 Aug 24.
Parkinson disease is a complex, age-related, neurodegenerative disease associated with dopamine deficiency and both motor and nonmotor deficits. Many environmental and genetic factors influence Parkinson disease risk, with different factors predominating in different patients. These factors converge on specific pathways, including mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, protein aggregation, impaired autophagy, and neuroinflammation. Ultimately, treatment of Parkinson disease may focus on targeted therapies for pathophysiologically defined subtypes of Parkinson disease patients.
帕金森病是一种复杂的、与年龄相关的神经退行性疾病，与多巴胺缺乏以及运动和非运动缺陷有关。许多环境和遗传因素影响帕金森病的风险，不同的因素在不同的患者中占主导地位。这些因素集中在特定的途径上，包括线粒体功能障碍、氧化应激、蛋白质聚集、自噬受损和神经炎症。最终，帕金森病的治疗可能集中在针对帕金森病患者病理生理定义亚型的靶向治疗上。
