Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Gazi University, 06560 Ankara, Turkey.
Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Firenze, Italy.
Front Biosci (Landmark Ed). 2023 Aug 24;28(8):178. doi: 10.31083/j.fbl2808178.
The gut-microbiome-brain axis plays a crucial role in the control of systemic metabolism and homeostasis. Recent research has shown that dietary habits and nutrients can affect immune system and inflammatory status by influencing various factors, including microbiome composition, microbial products release, gastrointestinal signaling molecules, and neurotransmitters. In addition, the gut microbiome affects the brain by altering levels of key brain transmitters, circulating cytokines, and short-chain fatty acids that can cross the blood-brain barrier. Immunonutrition, a newly born discipline, examines the relationship between diet, nutritional status, the immune system, inflammation, infection, injury, and healing. This review explores the relationship between nutrition and the immune system, focusing on immunonutrition and immunonutrients, the connections between nutrition, immunity, and the microbiome, microbiota-gut-brain communication, and potential nutritional interventions to improve neurological disorders. The manuscript provides a comprehensive overview of the complex interplay between nutrition and the immune system, highlighting the many ways in which our diets can impact our health and wellbeing, particularly in the context of neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative conditions.
肠道微生物群-脑轴在控制全身代谢和内稳态方面发挥着关键作用。最近的研究表明，饮食习惯和营养素可以通过影响包括微生物组成、微生物产物释放、胃肠道信号分子和神经递质在内的各种因素来影响免疫系统和炎症状态。此外，肠道微生物群通过改变关键脑递质、循环细胞因子和可以穿过血脑屏障的短链脂肪酸的水平来影响大脑。免疫营养是一个新兴的学科，研究饮食、营养状况、免疫系统、炎症、感染、损伤和愈合之间的关系。这篇综述探讨了营养与免疫系统之间的关系，重点介绍了免疫营养和免疫营养素、营养、免疫和微生物组之间的联系、微生物群-肠道-大脑通讯以及改善神经障碍的潜在营养干预措施。本文稿全面概述了营养与免疫系统之间的复杂相互作用，强调了我们的饮食在影响健康和幸福感方面的多种方式，特别是在神经炎症和神经退行性疾病的背景下。
