School of Management, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Management department, Leeds University Business School, University of Leeds, UK; Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taiwan.
Psychol Sport Exerc. 2023 Jan;64:102304. doi: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2022.102304. Epub 2022 Oct 5.
Experiential avoidance, a personality trait that refers to individuals' tendency to avoid negative experiences, can have a negative impact on athletes' goal achievement. For this reason, it is crucial to identify the factors that can mitigate such a tendency. Drawing on self-determination theory and referring specifically to the function of subjective vitality, we first hypothesize that perceived autonomy support from coaches is positively associated with athletes' subjective vitality, which in turn is negatively associated with athletes' experiential avoidance. Data were collected from one hundred eighty-five high school athletes in Taiwan using a three-wave, time-lagged survey design spanning a period of seven months. These athletes were drawn from ten senior high schools and were in their second year of high school. The results of regression analysis showed that perceived autonomy support from coaches at Time 1 was associated with higher vitality among athletes at Time 2, which was, in turn, associated with lower levels of experiential avoidance at Time 3, conditional on the athletes' experiential avoidance at Time 2. While perceived autonomy support from coaches at Time 1 was also associated with lower experiential avoidance at Time 2, experiential avoidance at Time 2 was not associated with vitality at Time 3 after controlling for vitality at Time 2. The results of mediation analysis further supported the claim that vitality is a critical mediator of the relationship between perceived autonomy support from coaches and athletes' experiential avoidance. Implications concerning the identification of this mediator are discussed.
经验回避，是指个体倾向于避免负面体验的一种人格特质，可能对运动员的目标实现产生负面影响。出于这个原因，识别可以减轻这种倾向的因素至关重要。本研究基于自我决定理论，并特别参考主观活力的功能，首先假设教练的感知自主性支持与运动员的主观活力呈正相关，而主观活力又与运动员的经验回避呈负相关。我们使用三波、时间滞后的调查设计，从台湾的 185 名高中生中收集数据，时间跨度为 7 个月。这些运动员来自 10 所高中，处于高中二年级。回归分析的结果表明，教练在第 1 时间的感知自主性支持与第 2 时间运动员的活力更高相关，而活力又与第 3 时间经验回避水平更低相关，这取决于运动员在第 2 时间的经验回避。虽然教练在第 1 时间的感知自主性支持也与第 2 时间的经验回避呈负相关，但在控制了第 2 时间的活力后，第 2 时间的经验回避与第 3 时间的活力之间没有相关性。中介分析的结果进一步支持了这样一种说法，即活力是教练感知自主性支持与运动员经验回避之间关系的关键中介。讨论了与识别这种中介相关的意义。
