Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona (ASPB), Barcelona, Spain.
Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona (ASPB), Barcelona, Spain; Institut D'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.
Public Health. 2023 Oct;223:179-182. doi: 10.1016/j.puhe.2023.07.014. Epub 2023 Sep 2.
To address existing inequalities, the Barcelona City Council launched a Neighbourhood Plan in 2016-2020. During the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Neighbourhood Plan interventions were intensified. This study aimed to assess the effect of the plan on the incidence of COVID-19 during the first wave of the pandemic in Barcelona.
We used a quasi-experimental design with 16 intervention neighbourhoods and 17 neighbourhoods in the comparison group with similar socioeconomic characteristics.
We calculated the cumulative incidence rate (CIR) of COVID-19 per 100,000 inhabitants by sex, age groups, and neighbourhood of residence. Poisson regression models were fitted to estimate the crude relative risk and relative risk adjusted by socioeconomic status (cRR and aRR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
The CIR of COVID-19 was lower in the intervention neighbourhoods (CIR: 841 per 100,000 inhabitants) than in the comparison group (CIR: 973 per 100,000 inhabitants). On multivariate analysis, the aRR was 0.77 (CI: 0.70-0.83) for men and 0.89 (CI: 0.83-0.96) for women. Among men older than 75 years (aRR = 0.73; CI: 0.62-0.86), statistically significant differences were found in the intervention neighbourhoods compared to the comparison group. This pattern was not observed in women older than 75 years (aRR = 1.13; CI: 0.99-1.30).
This research finds positive short-term effect in the intervention neighbourhoods. We conclude that the COVID-19 control and prevention interventions are likely to explain the better performance in the neighbourhoods included in the Neighbourhood Plan.
为了解决现有不平等问题，巴塞罗那市议会于 2016-2020 年推出了一项邻里计划。在 COVID-19 大流行的第一波期间，加强了邻里计划的干预措施。本研究旨在评估该计划对巴塞罗那 COVID-19 大流行第一波期间的发病率的影响。
我们使用了准实验设计，共有 16 个干预社区和 17 个具有相似社会经济特征的对照组社区。
我们按性别、年龄组和居住社区计算了每 10 万人 COVID-19 的累积发病率 (CIR)。拟合泊松回归模型估计粗相对风险和调整社会经济状况后的相对风险 (cRR 和 aRR) 及其 95%置信区间 (CI)。
干预社区的 COVID-19 CIR 较低（CIR：841/10 万居民），低于对照组（CIR：973/10 万居民）。多变量分析显示，男性的 aRR 为 0.77（CI：0.70-0.83），女性为 0.89（CI：0.83-0.96）。在年龄大于 75 岁的男性中（aRR=0.73；CI：0.62-0.86），干预社区与对照组之间存在统计学显著差异。而在年龄大于 75 岁的女性中，未观察到这种差异（aRR=1.13；CI：0.99-1.30）。
本研究发现干预社区有积极的短期效果。我们得出结论，COVID-19 控制和预防干预措施可能解释了包含在邻里计划中的社区表现更好的原因。
