Local Health Unit of Baixo Alentejo, Beja, Portugal.
São João de Deus School of Nursing, University of Évora, Évora, Portugal.
Front Public Health. 2023 Aug 21;11:1213816. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1213816. eCollection 2023.
The strong association between age and the increasing prevalence of chronic diseases, makes it imperative to promote self-care throughout life. Systematic knowledge on the health findings of person-centered care models may contribute to designing effective healthcare strategies to promote empowerment for self-care in long-term care.
To assess the association between the implementation of person-centered care models that promote self-care training in long-term care and health-related outcomes, among adults with chronic illness.
A rapid review of the literature was performed following the Cochrane rapid review methodology. The electronic databases CINAHL, MedicLatina, MEDLINE, and Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection were searched for randomized experimental studies, published between 2017 and 2022, that implemented interventions based on person-centered models to promote self-care in adults aged ≥18 years with chronic diseases and needing long-term health care. Verification of the eligibility of the articles and the extraction of data were performed by two independent investigators. Quantitative data on the health-related variables assessed were collected and, through narrative synthesis, health outcomes were grouped into individual, institutional and societal levels.
Eight studies, mostly conducted in European countries, were included. All satisfied more than 60% of the methodological quality score. A large variability among studies was found regarding the number of participants, the data collection period and duration of the intervention, the samples selected and the care model implemented. A high number of health-related outcomes ( = 17) were analyzed in the studies, using 52 different instruments. The main health-related outcomes were multidimensional, with implications at the individual, institutional and societal levels. The promotion of overall health and wellbeing ( = 4), the implementation of patient-centered care models ( = 1), the positive and more frequent interactions with health professionals (2), the decrease on staff psychosocial distress ( = 1), and the absence of added costs ( = 1), while improving family caregivers' skills ( = 1) were the main health-related outcomes described.
There is a need to develop robust experimental studies focused on the views and experiences of all stakeholders and conducted in different countries and cultures. Short-, medium- and long-term health outcomes should be measured using internationally accepted and validated scales for chronic patients.
年龄与慢性病患病率不断增加之间的强关联使得在整个生命周期中促进自我护理势在必行。系统了解以患者为中心的护理模式的健康结果可能有助于设计有效的医疗保健策略，以促进长期护理中的自我护理赋权。
评估在长期护理中实施促进自我护理培训的以患者为中心的护理模式与慢性病成人健康相关结果之间的关联。
按照 Cochrane 快速评价方法进行文献快速评价。检索 CINAHL、MedicLatina、MEDLINE 和心理学与行为科学数据库，以查找 2017 年至 2022 年间发表的基于以人为中心的模式实施干预措施，以促进患有慢性病且需要长期保健的年龄≥18 岁成年人自我保健的随机对照试验研究。两名独立研究者对文章的合格性进行了验证，并提取了数据。收集了评估的健康相关变量的定量数据，并通过叙述性综合，将健康结果分为个体、机构和社会层面。
纳入了 8 项研究，这些研究主要在欧洲国家进行。所有研究的方法学质量评分均超过 60%。研究之间存在很大的差异，包括参与者人数、数据收集期和干预持续时间、样本选择和实施的护理模式。研究分析了大量的健康相关结果（=17），使用了 52 种不同的工具。主要的健康相关结果是多维的，对个体、机构和社会层面都有影响。促进整体健康和幸福感（=4）、实施以患者为中心的护理模式（=1）、积极且更频繁地与卫生专业人员互动（2）、减少员工心理社会困扰（=1）以及不增加成本（=1），同时提高家庭照顾者的技能（=1）是描述的主要健康相关结果。
需要开展以不同国家和文化的所有利益相关者的观点和经验为重点的稳健的实验研究。应使用国际认可和验证的慢性病量表来衡量短期、中期和长期的健康结果。
