De Laurentis Mariafelicia, de Martino Ivan, Della Monica Riccardo
Dipartimento di Fisica, Universitá di Napoli "Federico II", Compl. Univ. di Monte S. Angelo, Edificio G, Via Cinthia, I-80126 Napoli, Italy.
INFN Sezione di Napoli, Compl. Univ. di Monte S. Angelo, Edificio G, Via Cinthia, I-80126 Napoli, Italy.
Rep Prog Phys. 2023 Sep 6;86(10). doi: 10.1088/1361-6633/ace91b.
The Galactic Center (GC) of the Milky Way, thanks to its proximity, allows to perform astronomical observations that investigate physical phenomena at the edge of astrophysics and fundamental physics. As such, it offers a unique laboratory to probe gravity, where one can not only test the basic predictions of general relativity (GR), but is also able to falsify theories that, over time, have been proposed to modify or extend GR; to test different paradigms of dark matter; and to place constraints on putative models that have been formulated as alternatives to the standard black hole paradigm in GR. In this review we provide a general overview of the history of observations of the GC, emphasizing the importance, in particular on the smallest-observable scales, that they had in opening a new avenue to improve our understanding of the underlying theory of gravity in the surrounding of a supermassive compact object.
银河系的银心因其距离较近，使得人们能够进行天文观测，以研究天体物理学和基础物理学边缘的物理现象。因此，它提供了一个独特的实验室来探测引力，在这个实验室里，人们不仅可以检验广义相对论（GR）的基本预测，还能够证伪那些随着时间推移而提出的旨在修改或扩展广义相对论的理论；检验暗物质的不同范式；并对那些作为广义相对论中标准黑洞范式替代方案而提出的假定模型施加限制。在这篇综述中，我们对银心观测的历史进行了总体概述，强调了这些观测，特别是在最小可观测尺度上的观测，对于开辟一条新途径以增进我们对超大质量致密天体周围引力基础理论的理解所具有的重要性。
