Burckhardt P
Ann Med Interne (Paris). 1986;137(3):216-9.
The high incidence of renal lithiasis in hyperparathyroidism (55 p. 100) suggests that PTH plays a causal role in stone production. It also motivates a systematic search for primary hyperparathyroidism in all patients with renal stones although it is only found in about 7 p. 100 of cases. PTH acts through the stimulation of 1.25(OH)2 vitamin D production and therefore, the absorption of calcium from the intestine, which in turn increases the filtrable calcium, hence the calciuria. In renal stones, in general, hypercalciuria represents one of the major metabolic disturbances, besides the hyperoxaluria, hyperuricosuria and the reduction of the inhibitors of crystallization. However, hypercalciuria is rarely the indirect result of excess PTH. It is usually caused by increased dietary ingestion of NaCl, meat, calcium and possibly carbohydrates.
甲状旁腺功能亢进症患者中肾结石的高发病率（每100人中有55人患病）表明甲状旁腺激素在结石形成中起因果作用。这也促使人们对所有肾结石患者进行原发性甲状旁腺功能亢进症的系统筛查，尽管在每100例病例中仅约有7例被发现。甲状旁腺激素通过刺激1,25-二羟维生素D的产生起作用，进而促进肠道对钙的吸收，这反过来又增加了可滤过钙，从而导致高钙尿症。一般来说，在肾结石中，除了高草酸尿症、高尿酸尿症和结晶抑制剂减少外，高钙尿症是主要的代谢紊乱之一。然而，高钙尿症很少是甲状旁腺激素过量的间接结果。它通常是由于饮食中氯化钠、肉类、钙以及可能的碳水化合物摄入增加所致。
