School of Economics, Hunan University of Information Technology, Changsha, 410151, Hunan, China.
Department of Economics, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2023 Oct;30(46):102853-102861. doi: 10.1007/s11356-023-29174-5. Epub 2023 Sep 6.
The ultimate goal of carbon neutrality objectives is to bring greenhouse gas emissions down to a point where they are no longer a factor in escalating climate change and global warming. Adopting sustainable habits, technologies, and investments may be facilitated and accelerated by energy technology innovation, digitalization trade, and financial inclusion, which can substantially influence reaching carbon neutrality objectives. However, none of the past studies have examined the role of energy technology innovation, financial inclusion, and digital trade on the carbon neutrality targets in top polluted economies. To fill this vacuum, this study aims to investigate the effect of energy technology innovation, financial inclusion, and digital trade on carbon neutrality in the top 40 polluted economies across Asia, America, and Europe from 2004-2021. Two renowned econometric techniques are used for empirical analysis, including Two Stage Least Square (2SLS) and Generalized Method of Moments (GMM). The estimates of energy innovation, ICT trade, digital financial inclusion, foreign direct investment, and research and development spending highlight the adverse influence on carbon emissions in global, Asian, American, and European samples. Conversely, the per capita income and foreign direct investment cause carbon emissions to increase in Asia, America, and Europe. Thus, policy experts in top polluted economies should target an integrated policy with a central focus on energy innovation, digital trade, and financial inclusiveness to achieve carbon neutrality.
碳中和目标的最终目标是将温室气体排放量降低到不再是加剧气候变化和全球变暖的因素的程度。通过能源技术创新、数字化贸易和金融包容性，可以促进和加速可持续习惯、技术和投资，这可以极大地影响实现碳中和目标。然而，过去的研究都没有考察能源技术创新、金融包容性和数字贸易对污染最严重的经济体的碳中和目标的作用。为了填补这一空白，本研究旨在调查能源技术创新、金融包容性和数字贸易对 2004-2021 年亚洲、美洲和欧洲前 40 大污染经济体的碳中和的影响。采用了两种著名的计量经济学技术进行实证分析，包括两阶段最小二乘法（2SLS）和广义矩法（GMM）。能源创新、信息和通信技术贸易、数字金融包容性、外国直接投资和研发支出的估计值突出表明，它们对全球、亚洲、美洲和欧洲样本的碳排放有不利影响。相反，人均收入和外国直接投资导致亚洲、美洲和欧洲的碳排放增加。因此，污染最严重的经济体的政策制定者应该制定一项综合政策，重点关注能源创新、数字贸易和金融包容性，以实现碳中和。
