Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania.
Department of Ophthalmology, Emergency University Hospital, Bucharest, Romania.
J Med Life. 2023 Jun;16(6):818-821. doi: 10.25122/jml-2023-0041.
Cancer ranks as the second leading cause of mortality in Europe, following cardiovascular diseases. Every year, 2.6 million people are diagnosed with this disease, and 1.2 million die. It has an impact not only on individual health but also on society and the economy. The survival rate has improved with the introduction of new diagnostic methods and anti-cancer chemotherapy. While more aggressive chemotherapeutic regimens and combination therapies have demonstrated efficacy against cancer cells, they also have detrimental effects on normal cells, leading to systemic and ocular adverse reactions associated with cytotoxicity, inflammation, and neurotoxicity. Consequently, we have an increased survival rate, but the appearance of these ocular adverse effects decreases the quality of life. Ocular toxicity induced by chemotherapeutic agents is often underestimated. While prevention may not be possible, proper management by an ophthalmologist, an integral part of the oncology patient's medical team, is crucial. The ophthalmologist should assess the patient before initiating chemotherapeutic treatment and continue monitoring throughout to identify any adverse ocular reactions resulting from the systemic chemotherapy. This article aimed to briefly highlight the adverse reactions occurring at the ocular surface in patients undergoing chemotherapeutic treatment. Fortunately, these ocular side effects are limited only to the period in which the chemotherapeutic treatment is done, with most of them disappearing a few weeks after stopping the treatment.
癌症是欧洲仅次于心血管疾病的第二大死亡原因。每年有 260 万人被诊断出患有这种疾病，其中 120 万人死亡。它不仅对个人健康，而且对社会和经济都有影响。随着新的诊断方法和抗癌化疗的引入，生存率有所提高。虽然更具侵袭性的化疗方案和联合疗法已被证明对癌细胞有效，但它们也会对正常细胞产生有害影响，导致与细胞毒性、炎症和神经毒性相关的全身和眼部不良反应。因此，我们的生存率提高了，但这些眼部不良反应的出现降低了生活质量。化疗药物引起的眼毒性常常被低估。虽然无法预防，但眼科医生的适当管理至关重要，眼科医生是肿瘤患者医疗团队的重要组成部分。在开始化疗治疗之前，眼科医生应对患者进行评估，并在整个过程中继续监测，以发现任何由全身化疗引起的眼部不良反应。本文旨在简要强调接受化疗治疗的患者在眼表面发生的不良反应。幸运的是，这些眼部副作用仅局限于进行化疗治疗的时间段，大多数副作用在停止治疗几周后消失。
