Fridrich Arie, Salinas-Saaverda Miguel, Kozlolvski Itamar, Surm Joachim M, Chrysostomou Eleni, Tripathi Abhinandan M, Frank Uri, Moran Yehu
Department of Ecology Evolution and Behavior, Faculty of Science, Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel; Gregor Mendel Institute of Molecular Plant Biology, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria.
Centre for Chromosome Biology, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland.
Cell Rep. 2023 Sep 26;42(9):113072. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113072. Epub 2023 Sep 6.
An ancient evolutionary innovation of a novel cell type, the stinging cell (cnidocyte), appeared >600 million years ago in the phylum Cnidaria (sea anemones, corals, hydroids, and jellyfish). A complex bursting nano-injector of venom, the cnidocyst, is embedded in cnidocytes and enables cnidarians to paralyze their prey and predators, contributing to this phylum's evolutionary success. In this work, we show that post-transcriptional regulation by a pan-cnidarian microRNA, miR-2022, is essential for biogenesis of these cells in the sea anemone Nematostella vectensis. By manipulation of miR-2022 levels in a transgenic reporter line of cnidocytes, followed by transcriptomics, single-cell data analysis, prey paralysis assays, and cell sorting of transgenic cnidocytes, we reveal that miR-2022 enables cnidocyte biogenesis in Nematostella, while exhibiting a conserved expression domain with its targets in cnidocytes of other cnidarian species. Thus, here we revealed a functional basis to the conservation of one of nature's most ancient microRNAs.
一种新型细胞类型——刺细胞（刺丝囊细胞）的古老进化创新，出现在6亿多年前的刺胞动物门（海葵、珊瑚、水螅和水母）中。刺丝囊是一种复杂的毒液爆发式纳米注射器，嵌入刺细胞中，使刺胞动物能够麻痹猎物和捕食者，促进了该门的进化成功。在这项研究中，我们表明，一种泛刺胞动物微小RNA（miR-2022）的转录后调控对于海葵星状海葵中这些细胞的生物发生至关重要。通过在刺细胞的转基因报告系中操纵miR-2022水平，随后进行转录组学、单细胞数据分析、猎物麻痹试验和转基因刺细胞的细胞分选，我们发现miR-2022能够促进星状海葵中刺细胞的生物发生，同时在其他刺胞动物物种的刺细胞中与其靶标表现出保守的表达域。因此，我们在此揭示了自然界最古老的微小RNA之一保守性的功能基础。
