Mendonça Layanne Andrade, Loomis John James, Limont Marcelo, Bartz Marie Luise Carolina, Rauen William Bonino
Graduate Program in Environmental Management, Universidade Positivo, Rua Professor Pedro Viriato Parigot de Souza, 5300, Cidade Industrial, 81290-000 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil; Fluminense Federal Institute, Avenida Dario Vieira Borges, 235, Parque do Trevo, 28360-000 Bom Jesus do Itabapoana, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
São Paulo School of Business Administration, Fundação Getúlio Vargas, Av. 9 de julho, 2029 - Bela Vista, 01313-902, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Sci Total Environ. 2023 Dec 20;905:166866. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166866. Epub 2023 Sep 9.
Water and food security are constantly on the sustainable development agenda since they are interrelated with anthropogenic and ecosystemic issues present in the economic, environmental, and social spheres. The non-integrative management of these issues points to unsustainable futures. In this context, nexus approaches deserve considerable attention in the search for integrative management solutions capable of contributing to leveraging synergies that increase agricultural productivity, while simultaneously reducing environmental impacts, including water resources. This systematic literature review article aims to analyze the integration factors from the perspective of the water - food - environment nexus in the context of water and agricultural sustainability. The systematic methodology, including a content analysis, allowed the identification of analytical categories composed of the most present integrating factors and discussed in the scientific scope and how they are correlated from the perspective of the nexus. Among the extensive number of factors, the systemic management inserted in the integrated management of watersheds, the sustainable intensification from the perspective of food security and the demand for water resources, categorized in water security, presented higher frequency of occurrence when compared with the other factors. It is proposed that these factors can be considered as indicators of sustainability in the context of integrated water resources management and agricultural food production, since their synergistic effects have consequences in the water, agricultural and environmental management sectors. Thus, this study stands out for identifying trends and gaps in the water - food - environment nexus that can contribute to the development of innovative decision-making tools, in order to assist in the management of the watershed, where agriculture plays a key role in socio-environmental issues.
水和粮食安全一直是可持续发展议程的重要内容，因为它们与经济、环境和社会领域中存在的人为和生态系统问题相互关联。对这些问题的非综合管理预示着不可持续的未来。在这种背景下，联系方法在寻求综合管理解决方案方面值得给予相当的关注，这些解决方案有助于利用协同效应提高农业生产力，同时减少包括水资源在内的环境影响。这篇系统文献综述文章旨在从水-粮食-环境联系的角度，分析水和农业可持续性背景下的整合因素。包括内容分析在内的系统方法，能够识别出由最常见的整合因素组成的分析类别，并在科学范围内进行讨论，以及它们从联系的角度是如何相互关联的。在众多因素中，与其他因素相比，纳入流域综合管理的系统管理、从粮食安全角度出发的可持续集约化以及归类于水安全的水资源需求，出现的频率更高。建议在水资源综合管理和农业粮食生产的背景下，可将这些因素视为可持续性指标，因为它们的协同效应会对水、农业和环境管理部门产生影响。因此，本研究在识别水-粮食-环境联系方面的趋势和差距方面具有突出意义，这有助于开发创新的决策工具，以协助流域管理，而农业在社会环境问题中起着关键作用。
