Lin Guohua, Chau Chi Ian, Hu Hao, Ung Carolina Oi Lam
State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao.
State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao; Department of Public Health and Medicinal Administration, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao.
Res Social Adm Pharm. 2023 Dec;19(12):1487-1510. doi: 10.1016/j.sapharm.2023.08.008. Epub 2023 Aug 22.
Asthma is highly prevalent in children. Evidence about pharmacist-led interventions in the management of pediatric asthma is emerging.
To summarize empirical evidence of pharmacist-led interventions for pediatric asthma patients, and to identify the components of a logic model, which can inform evidence-based pharmacy practice.
PubMed, Web of Science, Embase Scopus, ScienceDirect, Medline and CNKI were searched. Studies concerning pharmacist-led interventions for pediatric asthma patients with an interventional design published between January 2013 and February 2023 were selected for analysis. Literature was searched and retrieved according to PRISMA guidelines. Components of pharmacist-led interventions were compiled into a logic model comprising input, activity, output, outcome and contextual factors.
The initial search retrieved 2291 records and 35 were included in the analysis. The main interventional activities included optimising medicines use and prevention and control of asthma. Commonly reported outputs were medication adherence, knowledge and inhaler technique. The main economic outcomes included cost of medication and hospitalization; clinical outcomes included Childhood Asthma Control Test/Asthma Control Test scores and lung function in FEV1% and PEF%; humanistic outcomes included patients' quality of life and satisfaction. Social, economic, political, and technological factors were identified as contextual factors.
The logic model summarized components of interventions evaluated in literature. It provides a blueprint for pharmacist-led management of pediatric asthma. Further research can focus on the pharmacists' role in a multidisciplinary healthcare professional team and transition of care in patient-centered management of pediatric asthma.
哮喘在儿童中非常普遍。关于药剂师主导的小儿哮喘管理干预措施的证据正在不断涌现。
总结药剂师主导的小儿哮喘患者干预措施的实证证据，并确定逻辑模型的组成部分，为循证药学实践提供参考。
检索了PubMed、Web of Science、Embase、Scopus、ScienceDirect、Medline和中国知网。选取2013年1月至2023年2月间发表的具有干预设计的关于药剂师主导的小儿哮喘患者干预措施的研究进行分析。根据PRISMA指南检索和获取文献。将药剂师主导的干预措施的组成部分汇编成一个逻辑模型，包括输入、活动、产出、结果和背景因素。
初步检索获得2291条记录，35条纳入分析。主要的干预活动包括优化药物使用以及哮喘的预防和控制。常见的产出包括用药依从性、知识和吸入技术。主要的经济结果包括药物成本和住院费用；临床结果包括儿童哮喘控制测试/哮喘控制测试得分以及第一秒用力呼气容积（FEV1%）和呼气峰值流速（PEF%）的肺功能；人文结果包括患者的生活质量和满意度。社会、经济、政治和技术因素被确定为背景因素。
该逻辑模型总结了文献中评估的干预措施的组成部分。它为药剂师主导的小儿哮喘管理提供了一个蓝图。进一步的研究可以关注药剂师在多学科医疗专业团队中的作用以及以患者为中心的小儿哮喘管理中的护理过渡。
