Daddah Donatien, Ahanhanzo Yolaine Glèlè, Kpozehouen Alphonse, Dos-Santos Bella Hounkpe, Bonnet Emmanuel, Levêque Alain, Coppieters Yves
Regional Institute of Public Health-Ouidah, Benin.
School of Public Health, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium.
J Public Health Afr. 2023 Apr 19;14(6):2313. doi: 10.4081/jphia.2023.2313. eCollection 2023 Jun 21.
In Benin, due to the unavailability of comprehensive data on road crashes, road safety policies are mainly based on partial statistics provided by the police. These remain unreliable in terms of injury severity and risk factors. This study aims to determine the factors influencing the severity of injuries after a road crash in Benin.
The present nested case-control study, matched for age and sex, was based on a hospital cohort of road crash victims set up in five hospitals in Benin between July 2019 and January 2020. A sample of severely injured patients according to the Abbreviated Injury Scale (cases) was compared to non-severely injured patients (controls).
The severe crash occurred mainly during the night between 8 p.m. and midnight (36.2% of cases . 24.4% of controls) and on main roads (57.8% of cases . 34.7% of controls). Factors associated with injury severity were the time of the crash: night between 8 p.m. and midnight [Adjusted Odd Ratio (AOR): 2.1; CI 95%: 1.4-3.2], major roads (national interstate roads and national roads) (AOR: 2.8; CI 95%: 2.0-4.0) and non-work-related travel (AOR: 1.8; CI 95%: 1.2-2.7).
Factors associated with road crash severity in Benin were night-time, main roads, and non-work related travel. Raising user awareness about compliance with traffic rules and improving public lighting, especially along main roads could help reduce the number of serious injuries.
在贝宁，由于缺乏道路交通事故的全面数据，道路安全政策主要基于警方提供的部分统计数据。这些数据在伤害严重程度和风险因素方面仍然不可靠。本研究旨在确定影响贝宁道路交通事故后伤害严重程度的因素。
本项年龄和性别匹配的巢式病例对照研究基于2019年7月至2020年1月在贝宁五家医院建立的道路交通事故受害者医院队列。根据简略损伤量表将重伤患者样本（病例）与轻伤患者（对照）进行比较。
严重事故主要发生在晚上8点至午夜之间（病例组占36.2%，对照组占24.4%）以及主要道路上（病例组占57.8%，对照组占34.7%）。与伤害严重程度相关的因素包括事故发生时间：晚上8点至午夜之间[调整优势比（AOR）：2.1；95%置信区间：1.4 - 3.2]、主要道路（国家高速公路和国道）（AOR：2.8；95%置信区间：2.0 - 4.0）以及非工作相关出行（AOR：1.8；95%置信区间：1.2 - 2.7）。
与贝宁道路交通事故严重程度相关的因素是夜间、主要道路以及非工作相关出行。提高用户对遵守交通规则的认识并改善公共照明，尤其是在主要道路沿线，有助于减少重伤数量。
