Huo Huanhuan, Hu Chonghua, Zhou Qiubai, Xiong Liufeng, Peng Mo
College of Animal Science and Technology of Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China.
Key Laboratory of Featured Hydrobios Nutrition Physiology and Healthy Breeding, Nanchang, China.
Front Physiol. 2023 Aug 23;14:1254992. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1254992. eCollection 2023.
To understand the effects of vitamin A on lipid deposition in rice field eels, integrated liver transcriptome and metabolome were conducted and the changes in the genes and metabolites were assessed. Three groups of rice field eel were fed with 0, 200, and 16,000 IU/kg vitamin A supplementations in their diets for 70 days. The total lipid content in the whole body of the rice field eels was significantly increased with the vitamin A supplementations ( < 0.05). Comparative transcriptome analysis revealed 14 pathways and 46 differentially expressed genes involved in lipid metabolism. Sphingolipid metabolism, glycerolipid metabolism, primary bile acid biosynthesis and steroid hormone biosynthesis were significantly enriched pathways. In these pathways, three differential genes phospholipid phosphatase 1a (), phospholipid phosphatase 2b (PLPP2b), cytochrome P450 21a2 () were consistent with the change trend of lipid content, and the other three differential genes aldo-keto reductase family 1 member D1 (), uridine diphosphate glucuronic acid transferase 1a1 (), cytochrome P450 1a () were opposite. Metabolomic analysis revealed that primary bile acid biosynthesis, sphingolipid metabolism, steroid hormone biosynthesis and biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids were all critical for rice field eel metabolic changes in response to vitamin A. Six important differential metabolites (eicosapentaenoic acid, sphinganine, 11-beta-hydroxyprogesterone, hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, cholic acid, and glycochenodeoxycholate) were identified and have provided new insights into how vitamin A regulates lipid deposition. Integrated transcriptome and metabolome analyses revealed that primary bile acid biosynthesis was the only remarkably enriched pathway in both the transcriptome and metabolome while that sphingosine was the main metabolite. Based on the above results, we have concluded that vitamin A promotes lipid deposition in the rice field eel through the primary bile acid synthesis pathway, and lipid deposits are widely stored in cell membranes, mainly in the form of sphingosine. These results will provide reference data to help improve our understanding of how vitamin A regulates lipid metabolism.
为了解维生素A对黄鳝脂质沉积的影响，进行了肝脏转录组和代谢组整合分析，并评估了基因和代谢物的变化。将三组黄鳝分别饲喂添加0、200和16,000 IU/kg维生素A的饲料70天。随着维生素A添加量的增加，黄鳝全身总脂质含量显著升高（<0.05）。比较转录组分析揭示了14条参与脂质代谢的途径和46个差异表达基因。鞘脂代谢、甘油olipid代谢、初级胆汁酸生物合成和类固醇激素生物合成是显著富集的途径。在这些途径中，三个差异基因磷脂磷酸酶1a（）、磷脂磷酸酶2b（PLPP2b）、细胞色素P450 21a2（）与脂质含量的变化趋势一致，另外三个差异基因醛糖酮还原酶家族1成员D1（）、尿苷二磷酸葡萄糖醛酸转移酶1a1（）、细胞色素P450 1a（）则相反。代谢组分析表明，初级胆汁酸生物合成、鞘脂代谢、类固醇激素生物合成和不饱和脂肪酸生物合成对于黄鳝响应维生素A的代谢变化均至关重要。鉴定出六种重要的差异代谢物（二十碳五烯酸、鞘氨醇、11-β-羟基孕酮、羟基二十碳四烯酸、胆酸和甘氨鹅脱氧胆酸），为维生素A如何调节脂质沉积提供了新的见解。转录组和代谢组整合分析表明，初级胆汁酸生物合成是转录组和代谢组中唯一显著富集的途径，而鞘氨醇是主要代谢物。基于上述结果，我们得出结论，维生素A通过初级胆汁酸合成途径促进黄鳝脂质沉积，脂质沉积物广泛储存在细胞膜中，主要以鞘氨醇的形式存在。这些结果将提供参考数据，有助于增进我们对维生素A如何调节脂质代谢的理解。
