Toriola A L, Mathur D N
Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1986 Sep;93(9):979-85. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.1986.tb08020.x.
Menstrual function was assessed in 475 Nigerian athletes in different sports and 606 non-athletes. In general, irregular menstrual cycles and oligomenorrhoea or secondary amenorrhoea (O/A) were more common in the athletes (26% and 21%, respectively) than in the non-athletes (18% and 8%, respectively). Menstruation was more regular and normal in the non-athletes (50%) than in the athletes (22%). It was noted that menstrual dysfunction in the athletes was associated with significantly low body fat, body weight, relative weight for height, and the stress of sports activity. In the groups of athletes the ball game players (35%) and distance runners (51%) most commonly experienced O/A, whereas the incidence of dysmenorrhoea and menorrhagia was most prevalent in the swimmers (37%), and sprinters (42%). Menstrual disturbances were relatively more common in athletes who began training before the menarche (43%).
对475名从事不同运动项目的尼日利亚运动员和606名非运动员的月经功能进行了评估。总体而言，运动员中月经周期不规律、月经过少或继发性闭经（O/A）的情况（分别为26%和21%）比非运动员（分别为18%和8%）更为常见。非运动员中月经更规律和正常的比例（50%）高于运动员（22%）。值得注意的是，运动员的月经功能障碍与体脂、体重、身高相对体重显著降低以及体育活动压力有关。在运动员群体中，球类运动员（35%）和长跑运动员（51%）最常出现O/A，而痛经和月经过多的发生率在游泳运动员（37%）和短跑运动员（42%）中最为普遍。月经紊乱在初潮前开始训练的运动员中相对更为常见（43%）。
