高强度训练对运动员月经周期紊乱的影响。

Influence of high intensity training on menstrual cycle disorders in athletes.

作者信息

Dusek T

机构信息

Zagreb University School of Medicine, Croatia.

出版信息

Croat Med J. 2001 Feb;42(1):79-82.

PMID:11172662

Abstract

AIM

To estimate the influence of intensive training on menstrual cycles in female athletes.

METHOD

The questionnaire was used to determine the time of menarche, and the prevalence of primary and secondary amenorrhea and dysmenorrhea in 72 active female athletes from Zagreb (10 volleyball players, 18 basketball players, 10 ballet dancers, and 34 runners) aged between 15 and 21. The control group comprised 96 girls of the same age not engaged in any sports activity.

RESULTS

The prevalence of secondary amenorrhea was three times higher in athletes than in the control group (p=0.037). The prevalence of primary amenorrhea was substantially higher in athletes than in the control group (6/72 vs. 0/96, p=0.014), whereas the prevalence of dysmenorrhea was twofold lower in athletes than in the control group (p<0.001). The highest prevalence of secondary amenorrhea was recorded in runners (14/31), particularly long-distance runners (11/17), whereas there was only one case of secondary amenorrhea among basketball players. Menarche was significantly delayed in the athletes who started physical activities before the onset of menstruation (13.8+1.4 vs. 12.6+1.0 years, p<0.001).

CONCLUSION

High-intensity training before menarche postpones its onset. Type of training may be related to a significantly higher prevalence of secondary amenorrhea in runners than in basketball players.

摘要

目的

评估强化训练对女运动员月经周期的影响。

方法

采用问卷调查法确定萨格勒布72名年龄在15至21岁之间的现役女运动员（10名排球运动员、18名篮球运动员、10名芭蕾舞演员和34名跑步运动员）的初潮时间、原发性和继发性闭经及痛经的患病率。对照组由96名同龄且未参加任何体育活动的女孩组成。

结果

运动员继发性闭经的患病率是对照组的三倍（p = 0.037）。运动员原发性闭经的患病率显著高于对照组（6/72 vs. 0/96，p = 0.014），而运动员痛经的患病率比对照组低两倍（p < 0.001）。继发性闭经患病率最高的是跑步运动员（14/31），尤其是长跑运动员（11/17），而篮球运动员中只有一例继发性闭经。月经初潮前开始体育活动的运动员月经初潮明显延迟（13.8 + 1.4岁 vs. 12.6 + 1.0岁，p < 0.001）。