Seigneur F, Fischler M, Bourreli B, Melchior J C, Lavaud C, Vourc'h G
Bull Eur Physiopathol Respir. 1986 Jul-Aug;22(4):341-7.
Air entrainment contribution to jet-ventilation during bronchoscopy was evaluated as a lung model (increasing compliance and airway resistance). Ventilation was provided through a 10 mm internal diameter tube using either jet alone without air entrainment, or injection with air entrainment (coaxial and lateral injectors). Three I/E ratios (0.25, 0.43 and 0.67) and nine rates of ventilation, ranging from 20 to 300 c X min-1, were assessed. The driving pressure of the injected air was 350 +/- 10 kPa. Air entrainment is an important part of total ventilation (63.7 +/- 5.5%). The magnitude of air entrainment depends upon the levels of peak and end expiratory airway pressures. Increase in lung volume varies linearly with the end expiratory pressure. Air entrainment contributes to keep the tidal volume above the model dead-space. CO2 elimination is related to the magnitude of ventilated volumes. The amount of entrained air interferes with the FIO2 of delivered gases. During bronchoscopy, lateral injection should be preferred because of smaller airway pressures (- 31.2 +/- 0.6%) and lung volumes, while tidal volumes remain adequate.
在支气管镜检查期间，通过一个肺模型（增加顺应性和气道阻力）评估了空气夹带对喷射通气的作用。通气通过内径为10毫米的管道进行，分别使用无空气夹带的单纯喷射或有空气夹带的喷射（同轴和侧向喷射器）。评估了三个吸呼比（0.25、0.43和0.67）以及九个通气率，范围从20至300次/分钟。注入空气的驱动压力为350±10千帕。空气夹带是总通气的重要组成部分（63.7±5.5%）。空气夹带的程度取决于呼气末气道压力的峰值和水平。肺容积的增加与呼气末压力呈线性变化。空气夹带有助于使潮气量保持在模型死腔之上。二氧化碳的清除与通气量的大小有关。夹带空气的量会干扰输送气体的氧浓度。在支气管镜检查期间，由于气道压力（-31.2±0.6%）和肺容积较小，而潮气量仍然充足，应优先选择侧向喷射。
