Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria.
Juice Plus+ Science Institute, Memphis, TN 38017, USA.
Nutrients. 2023 Aug 29;15(17):3770. doi: 10.3390/nu15173770.
With a constantly growing elderly population, incidences of neurodegenerative diseases are also rising and are expected to further increase over the next years, while costing health systems across the world trillions of dollars. Therefore, biomarkers to detect manifestations of brain aging early and interventions to slow down its pace are of great interest. In the last years, the importance of the neurotrophins brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and nerve growth factor (NGF) in the context of cognitive function and the aging brain has increased, besides the already well-established amyloid-beta (Aβ) and tau plaques. Due to their wide range of beneficial health effects as well as their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, a class of secondary plant-metabolites, the so-called polyphenols, gained increasing attention. In this review, we discuss the roles of BDNF, Aβ, NGF, and tau proteins as biomarkers of brain aging and the effect of dietary polyphenol interventions on these biomarkers, assessed via blood analysis, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and positron emission tomography (PET).
随着老年人口的不断增长，神经退行性疾病的发病率也在上升，预计在未来几年还会进一步增加，同时给全球卫生系统带来数万亿美元的损失。因此，早期发现大脑老化迹象的生物标志物和减缓其发展速度的干预措施是非常有意义的。在过去几年中，神经生长因子（NGF）和脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）在认知功能和衰老大脑中的重要性不断增加，除了已经确立的淀粉样β（Aβ）和tau 斑块。由于其广泛的有益健康的作用，以及抗氧化和抗炎特性，一类次生植物代谢物，即所谓的多酚，引起了越来越多的关注。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了 BDNF、Aβ、NGF 和 tau 蛋白作为大脑衰老的生物标志物的作用，以及通过血液分析、磁共振成像（MRI）和正电子发射断层扫描（PET）评估的饮食多酚干预对这些生物标志物的影响。
