Yang Dapeng, Liang Jiawei, Zhou Junlong, Xu Xin, Hu Zhiping, Gu Xingli, Wang Guodong
State Key Laboratory of Rolling and Automation, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China.
Technology Center of Angang Steel Company Limited, 63 Wuyi Road, Anshan 114009, China.
Materials (Basel). 2023 Aug 31;16(17):5994. doi: 10.3390/ma16175994.
1000 MPa grade low-carbon martensite press hardening steels (PHS) are widely used in energy-absorbing domains of automotive parts, such as the bottom of a B-pillar. To prevent oxide scale formation during hot forming, this PHS is often required to be protected by an additional Al-Si coating. In addition, although the low carbon martensitic microstructure grants it excellent bending toughness, the ductility tends to be limited. In this study, a novel 1000 MPa grade ultrafine-grained (UFG) martensite-ferrite (F-M) dual-phase (DP) PHS with superior oxidation resistance was designed using tailored additions of Cr, Mn, and Si, and refining the initial microstructure. Only 0.55 ± 0.18 μm thick oxide film is formed in the designed steel during austenitizing heating and stamping, which is significantly lower than the 24.6 ± 3.1 μm thick oxide film formed in conventional 1000 MPa grade low-carbon martensite PHS under the identical condition. The superior oxidation resistance of designed steel can be attributed to the rapid formation of the protective Si-rich, Cr-rich, and Mn-rich oxide layers during annealing. Moreover, due to the presence of ferrite and ultrafine microstructure, the designed steel also shows a significant improvement in ductility from 8.5% to 16.8% without sacrificing strength and bending toughness compared with conventional 1000 MPa grade low-carbon martensite PHS.
1000兆帕级低碳马氏体热冲压钢(PHS)广泛应用于汽车零部件的能量吸收领域,如B柱底部。为防止热成型过程中形成氧化皮,这种PHS通常需要额外的Al-Si涂层保护。此外,尽管低碳马氏体组织赋予其优异的弯曲韧性,但其延展性往往受到限制。在本研究中,通过定制添加Cr、Mn和Si并细化初始组织,设计了一种具有优异抗氧化性的新型1000兆帕级超细晶粒(UFG)马氏体-铁素体(F-M)双相(DP)PHS。在奥氏体化加热和冲压过程中,设计钢中仅形成0.55±0.18μm厚的氧化膜,远低于相同条件下传统1000兆帕级低碳马氏体PHS中形成的24.6±3.1μm厚的氧化膜。设计钢优异的抗氧化性可归因于退火过程中快速形成的富含Si、Cr和Mn的保护性氧化层。此外,由于铁素体和超细组织的存在,与传统1000兆帕级低碳马氏体PHS相比,设计钢在不牺牲强度和弯曲韧性的情况下,延展性也显著提高,从8.5%提高到16.8%。