Xu Chao, You Chao
CMA Earth System Modeling and Prediction Centre (CEMC), China Meteorological Administration, 100081 Beijing, China; Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100029 Beijing, China.
College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 400044 Chongqing, China.
Environ Int. 2023 Sep;179:108189. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108189. Epub 2023 Sep 6.
Asia contains 58 % of the global population and approximately 39 % of the world's cropland, making evaluation of the spatiotemporal variability patterns in cropland fire critical for understanding the interplay between crop residue burning and human activity in Asia. Although agricultural expansion and intensification have contributed to an overall decline in vegetation fires worldwide since the late 1990s, burned area by cropland fires in Asia has expanded by more than 19 % over the past two decades. India accounts for about 32 % of cropland fires in Asia, and the burned area has increased by more than two-thirds since 2003, particularly increased around 80 % during the two major cereal harvest seasons of March-May and October-November. In comparison, cropland fires have increased by <6 % in China since 2003, and there has been a marked downward trend in burned area in June due to the intensive implementation of the nationwide bans on open-land crop straw burning. The expansion of agricultural harvests is primarily responsible for the rapid increase in cropland fires in Asia, notably in India, where agricultural intensification is occurring with population growth and economic development in recent years, and crop straw burning should be strictly controlled in the future.
亚洲拥有全球58%的人口和约39%的世界耕地，因此评估农田火灾的时空变化模式对于理解亚洲作物秸秆焚烧与人类活动之间的相互作用至关重要。尽管自20世纪90年代末以来，农业扩张和集约化导致全球植被火灾总体减少，但亚洲农田火灾的烧毁面积在过去二十年中增加了超过19%。印度占亚洲农田火灾的约32%，自2003年以来，烧毁面积增加了三分之二以上，特别是在3月至5月和10月至11月这两个主要谷物收获季节增加了约80%。相比之下，自2003年以来，中国的农田火灾增加了不到6%，由于全国范围内严格实施禁止露天焚烧农作物秸秆的禁令，6月份的烧毁面积呈明显下降趋势。农业收成的扩大是亚洲农田火灾迅速增加的主要原因，特别是在印度，近年来随着人口增长和经济发展，农业集约化正在发生，未来应严格控制作物秸秆焚烧。
