Center for Magnetic Resonance Imaging Research & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain-Machine Intelligence for Information Behavior, Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai 20083, China.
College of International Business, Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai 20083, China.
Cereb Cortex. 2023 Oct 9;33(20):10676-10685. doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhad317.
People prefer active decision-making and induce greater emotional feelings than computer-based passive mode, yet the modulation of decision-making mode on outcome evaluation remains unknown. The present study adopted event-related potentials to investigate the discrepancies in active and computer-based passive mode on outcome evaluation using a card gambling task. The subjective rating results showed that active mode elicited more cognitive effort and stronger emotional feelings than passive mode. For received outcomes, we observed no significant Feedback-Related Negativity (FRN) effect on difference waveshapes (d-FRN) between the 2 modes, but active decision-making elicited larger P300 amplitudes than the passive mode. For unchosen card outcomes, the results revealed larger d-FRN amplitudes of relative valences (Superior - Inferior) in responses to negative feedback in active mode than in passive mode. The averaged P300 results revealed an interplay among outcome feedback, decision-making mode, and relative valence, and the average P300 amplitude elicited by the received loss outcome in the active mode partially mediated the relationship between subjective cognitive effort and negative emotion ratings on loss. Our findings indicate discrepancies between active and computer-based passive modes, and cognitive effort and emotional experience involved in outcome evaluation.
人们更喜欢主动决策，并产生比基于计算机的被动模式更大的情绪感受，但决策模式对结果评估的调节作用仍不清楚。本研究采用事件相关电位技术，通过纸牌赌博任务，研究了主动和基于计算机的被动模式在结果评估上的差异。主观评分结果表明，主动模式比被动模式产生更多的认知努力和更强的情绪感受。对于所获得的结果，我们没有观察到两种模式之间差异波（d-FRN）上的反馈相关负波（FRN）效应有显著差异，但主动决策产生的 P300 振幅大于被动模式。对于未选中的牌结果，结果显示在主动模式中，对负反馈的反应中，相对效价（优-劣）的 d-FRN 振幅较大，而在被动模式中则较小。平均 P300 结果揭示了结果反馈、决策模式和相对效价之间的相互作用，并且在主动模式下收到损失结果所引起的平均 P300 振幅部分中介了主观认知努力和对损失的负面情绪评价之间的关系。我们的研究结果表明，主动和基于计算机的被动模式之间存在差异，以及认知努力和情绪体验在结果评估中所起的作用。
