Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
J Hazard Mater. 2023 Oct 15;460:132463. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132463. Epub 2023 Sep 4.
Pteris vittata, as the firstly discovered arsenic (As) hyperaccumulator, has great application value in As-contaminated soil remediation. Currently, the genes involved in As hyperaccumulation in P. vittata have been mined continuously, while they have not been used in practice to enhance phytoremediation efficiency. Aiming to better assist the practice of phytoremediation, this review collects 130 studies to clarify the progress in research into the As hyperaccumulation process in P. vittata from multiple perspectives. Antioxidant defense, rhizosphere activities, vacuolar sequestration, and As efflux are important physiological activities involved in As hyperaccumulation in P. vittata. Among related 19 genes, PHT, TIP, ACR3, ACR2 and HAC family genes play essential roles in arsenate (AsⅤ) transport, arsenite (AsⅢ) transport, vacuole sequestration of AsⅢ, and the reduction of AsⅤ to AsⅢ, respectively. Gene ontology enrichment analysis indicated it is necessary to further explore genes that can bind to related ions, with transport activity, or with function of transmembrane transport. Phylogeny analysis results implied ACR2, HAC and ACR3 family genes with rapid evolutionary rate may be the decisive factors for P. vittata as an As hyperaccumulator. A deeper understanding of the As hyperaccumulation network and key gene components could provide useful tools for further bio-engineered phytoremediation.
凤尾蕨作为首个发现的砷（As）超积累植物，在砷污染土壤修复中具有巨大的应用价值。目前，已不断挖掘出凤尾蕨中砷超积累相关的基因，但尚未将其应用于实践以提高植物修复效率。为了更好地辅助植物修复实践，本综述从多个角度收集了 130 项研究，以阐明凤尾蕨砷超积累过程的研究进展。抗氧化防御、根际活动、液泡隔离和砷外排是凤尾蕨砷超积累过程中的重要生理活动。在相关的 19 个基因中，PHT、TIP、ACR3、ACR2 和 HAC 家族基因分别在砷酸盐（AsⅤ）转运、亚砷酸盐（AsⅢ）转运、AsⅢ液泡隔离和 AsⅤ还原为 AsⅢ中发挥重要作用。基因本体富集分析表明，有必要进一步探索能够结合相关离子、具有转运活性或具有跨膜转运功能的基因。系统发育分析结果表明，具有快速进化率的 ACR2、HAC 和 ACR3 家族基因可能是凤尾蕨成为砷超积累植物的决定性因素。对砷超积累网络和关键基因组成的更深入了解可为进一步的生物工程植物修复提供有用的工具。
