Ranjan Satish Kumar, Mittal Ankur, Mirza Anissa Atif, Kumar Sunil, Panwar Vikas Kumar, Navriya Shivcharan, Mandal Arup Kumar, Mammen Kim Jacob
Department of Urology, AIIMS, Rishikesh, India.
Department of Biochemistry, AIIMS, Rishikesh, India.
Curr Urol. 2023 Mar;17(1):36-40. doi: 10.1097/CU9.0000000000000169. Epub 2022 Dec 13.
Nephrolithiasis is a global health problem. The recurrence rate after the first stone clearance is approximately 50% at 5 years. Metabolic abnormalities are an important factor responsible for stone recurrence. Our prevalidated study aimed to evaluate metabolic abnormalities associated with first-time uncomplicated renal stone formers (FTURSF).
In this prospective, exploratory, time-bound, descriptive study, 30 first-time renal stone formers were evaluated for metabolic abnormalities. High-risk stone formers were excluded from the study. Data were collected in a predefined proforma, transferred to an Excel sheet, and analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences 20 and Epi Info 7. Fisher exact test, Mann-Whitney test, paired test, and Pearson correlation coefficient were used for statistical analyses.
The mean age of the participants was 35.57 ± 11.07 years, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.72. The most common abnormality was a 24-hour urine volume of <2.5 L in 73.33% of the participants. One or more metabolic abnormalities were detected in 76.67% of the participants. Other common metabolic abnormalities detected were hypocitraturia (60%), hypercalciuria (16.67%), hyperoxaluria (13.33%), and hyperuricosuria (3.33%). Parathyroid adenoma was detected in one participant (3.33%).
Our study documented significant metabolic abnormalities in FTURSF. Therefore, a simplified metabolic evaluation protocol should be adopted while evaluating FTURSF. Detection of an underlying metabolic abnormality would enable the early institution of preventive measures to reduce stone recurrence and related complications.
肾结石是一个全球性的健康问题。首次结石清除后5年的复发率约为50%。代谢异常是结石复发的一个重要因素。我们的预验证研究旨在评估与首次单纯性肾结石形成者（FTURSF）相关的代谢异常。
在这项前瞻性、探索性、有时间限制的描述性研究中，对30名首次肾结石形成者进行了代谢异常评估。高风险结石形成者被排除在研究之外。数据通过预定义的表格收集，转移到Excel工作表中，并使用社会科学统计软件包20和Epi Info 7进行分析。采用Fisher精确检验、Mann-Whitney检验、配对检验和Pearson相关系数进行统计分析。
参与者的平均年龄为35.57±11.07岁，男女比例为1.72。最常见的异常是73.33%的参与者24小时尿量<2.5L。76.67%的参与者检测到一种或多种代谢异常。检测到的其他常见代谢异常包括低枸橼酸尿（60%）、高钙尿（16.67%）、高草酸尿（13.33%）和高尿酸尿（3.33%）。一名参与者（3.33%）检测到甲状旁腺腺瘤。
我们的研究记录了FTURSF中显著的代谢异常。因此，在评估FTURSF时应采用简化的代谢评估方案。检测潜在的代谢异常将有助于早期采取预防措施，以减少结石复发和相关并发症。
