Yang Lei, Liu YaMing, Guo Qiao, Jiang DePeng
Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
Open Med (Wars). 2023 Aug 30;18(1):20230780. doi: 10.1515/med-2023-0780. eCollection 2023.
It is of urgent need to understand the safety and effectiveness of novel coronavirus (COVID-19)-inactivated vaccine in patients with hyperlipidemia (HLD). However, data on the safety and immune response of SARS-CoV-2-inactivated vaccine in HLD patients are limited. In this prospective study, 105 patients with HLD and 74 healthy controls (HCs) were selected. Within 16-168 days after inoculation-inactivated vaccine, the anti-receptor-binding domain (RBD) IgG and SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) were evaluated, respectively. Flow cytometry was performed to evaluate RBD-specific B cells and memory B cells. There was no significant difference between HLD patients and HCs in adverse events (AEs) within 7 days after vaccination, and no serious AEs occurred. The seropositivity rates and titers of two Abs (anti-RBD IgG and CoV-2 NAbs) were lower in HLD patients than in HCs (all, < 0.05). HLD showed significantly lower frequencies of RBD-specific B cells than HCs ( = 0.040). However, in high cholesterol, high triglyceride, mixed (MiX), and lipid control (HC) subgroups, there was no significant difference in the seropositivity rates and titers of the both Abs. Through mixed factor analysis shows that days between the second dose and sample collection/antibody measurement were associated with the lower anti-RBD IgG antibody levels. In conclusion, inactivated COVID-19 vaccine is safe and well tolerated for HLD patients, but the humoral immune may be limited.
了解新型冠状病毒（COVID-19）灭活疫苗在高脂血症（HLD）患者中的安全性和有效性迫在眉睫。然而，关于严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）灭活疫苗在HLD患者中的安全性和免疫反应的数据有限。在这项前瞻性研究中，选取了105例HLD患者和74例健康对照（HC）。在接种灭活疫苗后的16至168天内，分别评估抗受体结合域（RBD）IgG和SARS-CoV-2中和抗体（NAb）。采用流式细胞术评估RBD特异性B细胞和记忆B细胞。HLD患者和HC在接种疫苗后7天内的不良事件（AE）无显著差异，且未发生严重AE。HLD患者中两种抗体（抗RBD IgG和CoV-2 NAb）的血清阳性率和滴度低于HC（均P<0.05）。HLD患者中RBD特异性B细胞的频率显著低于HC（P = 0.040）。然而，在高胆固醇、高甘油三酯、混合型（MiX）和血脂正常对照（HC）亚组中，两种抗体的血清阳性率和滴度无显著差异。通过混合因素分析表明，第二剂接种与样本采集/抗体检测之间的天数与较低的抗RBD IgG抗体水平相关。总之，COVID-19灭活疫苗对HLD患者安全且耐受性良好，但体液免疫可能有限。
