Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Technol Health Care. 2024;32(3):1697-1711. doi: 10.3233/THC-230723.
Provisional fixed dental prosthesis (FDP) plays an important role during fixed prosthodontic therapy till the definitive. Discoloration of materials used for provisional FDPs can cause patient dissatisfaction and may create doubt about the color stability of the definitive FDP. Surface roughness is the other major property to be taken into consideration for provisional FDP materials. Smokeless tobacco is reported to affect the color stability and surface roughness of different prosthetic materials.
The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effect of two types of smokeless tobacco (black and white) on color stability and surface roughness of 3D printed, CAD/CAM milled, and conventional provisional FDP resin materials.
A total of 144 disc-shaped specimens were fabricated using four techniques CAD/CAM subtractive technique (milling), CAD/CAM additive technique (3D Printing), and conventional technique using autopolymerized PMMA, and autopolymerized Bis-acrylic resins. Each group was subdivided into three subgroups of twelve specimens each, and were submerged into three solutions (artificial salivary substitute, black smokeless tobacco, white smokeless tobacco). The change in color and surface roughness was evaluated and the data collected were statistically analyzed.
It was observed that black smokeless tobacco caused the maximum color change and the effect was highest in autopolymerized PMMA resin specimens (ΔE = 9.343 ± 0.489), followed by 3D printed (ΔE = 7.187 ± 0.391), autopolymerized Bis-acryl (ΔE = 6.464 ± 0.453) and milled (ΔE = 4.978 ± 0.227). White smokeless tobacco was found to cause a maximum change in surface roughness and the effect was highest in autopolymerized Bis-acryl specimens (ΔRa = 0.321 ± 0.015 μm), followed by autopolymerized PMMA (ΔRa = 0.297± 0.015 μm), 3D printed (ΔRa = 0.191 ± 0.019 μm), and milled (ΔRa = 0.168 ± 0.014 μm). Statistically significant (p-value < 0.05) differences were observed among all techniques and solutions.
The change in color and surface roughness were maximum in the case of FDPs prepared using autopolymerizing resins, followed by 3D printed, and CAD/CAM milled reins.
临时固定义齿（FDP）在固定修复治疗期间直到最终修复体完成之前发挥着重要作用。临时 FDP 材料的变色会导致患者不满意，并可能对最终 FDP 的颜色稳定性产生怀疑。表面粗糙度是临时 FDP 材料需要考虑的另一个主要性能。据报道，无烟烟草会影响不同修复体材料的颜色稳定性和表面粗糙度。
本研究的目的是评估两种类型的无烟烟草（黑、白）对 3D 打印、CAD/CAM 铣削和传统临时 FDP 树脂材料的颜色稳定性和表面粗糙度的影响。
使用四种技术（CAD/CAM 减法技术（铣削）、CAD/CAM 加法技术（3D 打印）和使用自聚物 PMMA 和自聚物双丙烯酸酯树脂的常规技术）共制作了 144 个圆盘状试件。每个组又分为三个亚组，每组有 12 个试件，分别浸入三种溶液（人工唾液替代品、黑无烟烟草、白无烟烟草）中。评估颜色和表面粗糙度的变化，并对收集的数据进行统计分析。
观察到黑无烟烟草导致最大的颜色变化，对自聚物 PMMA 树脂试件的影响最大（ΔE=9.343±0.489），其次是 3D 打印（ΔE=7.187±0.391）、自聚物双丙烯酸酯（ΔE=6.464±0.453）和铣削（ΔE=4.978±0.227）。白无烟烟草被发现会导致最大的表面粗糙度变化，对自聚物双丙烯酸酯试件的影响最大（ΔRa=0.321±0.015μm），其次是自聚物 PMMA（ΔRa=0.297±0.015μm）、3D 打印（ΔRa=0.191±0.019μm）和铣削（ΔRa=0.168±0.014μm）。所有技术和溶液之间观察到统计学显著（p 值<0.05）差异。
自聚物聚合树脂制备的 FDP 颜色和表面粗糙度变化最大，其次是 3D 打印和 CAD/CAM 铣削树脂。
