Alqahtani Abdulaziz, AlHelal Abdulaziz A, Albani Ragad, Ali Mohsin, Badghshar Omar Ali Omar, Khan Aleshba Saba, Habib Syed Rashid
Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Comprehensive Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States of America.
PeerJ. 2024 Nov 27;12:e18564. doi: 10.7717/peerj.18564. eCollection 2024.
Cigarette smoking is the most common form of tobacco use worldwide. With the frequent introduction of new dental materials, the effect of smoking on their optical properties such as long term color stability, should to be thoroughly investigated.
This study aims to investigate the effect of smoking on the optical properties of contemporary dental ceramics used currently for restoration of teeth.
Five different materials in two shades (B1 and C1) were used with 15 samples from each pressable lithium disilicate (Emax), layered lithium disilicate (Lmax), porcelain fused to metal (PFM), monolithic zirconia (MZr) and layered zirconia (LZr) were used ( = 75). The samples were exposed to conventional cigarette smoke and color stability was assessed at four different time intervals ., baseline, 1 week, 1 month and 6 months. CIELAB color space (CIE Lab*) values were used to evaluate the color difference (ΔE). A one-way analysis of variance (Anova) was used for statistical analysis of ΔE. Significant -value was kept as <0.05, followed by Tukey test.
All test materials demonstrated significant color differences (ΔE) after exposure to cigarette smoke ( < 0.05). For shade B1, the highest change in shade ΔE 17.02 was exhibited by Lmax, whereas the least change in shade was exhibited by Emax followed by PFM at values of ΔE 10.11 and 11.2 respectively. For shade C1, the highest change (11.47) in shade at 6 months was demonstrated by MZr, whereas lowest values of ΔE were exhibited by Emax (7.52).
Traditional smoking causes significant change in shade of dental ceramics which can affect the esthetics of the patients. All material samples tested showed the values of ΔE > 3.3 which is higher than the acceptable range. Lowest color change was observed in Emax and PFM.
吸烟是全球最常见的烟草使用形式。随着新型牙科材料的频繁推出，吸烟对其光学性能（如长期颜色稳定性）的影响应进行全面研究。
本研究旨在探讨吸烟对目前用于牙齿修复的当代牙科陶瓷光学性能的影响。
使用五种不同材料，每种材料有两种色号（B1和C1），每种可压制成型的二硅酸锂（Emax）、层状二硅酸锂（Lmax）、金属烤瓷（PFM）、整体式氧化锆（MZr）和层状氧化锆（LZr）各取15个样本（共75个）。将样本暴露于传统香烟烟雾中，并在四个不同时间间隔（即基线、1周、1个月和6个月）评估颜色稳定性。使用CIELAB颜色空间（CIE Lab*）值评估色差（ΔE）。采用单因素方差分析（Anova）对ΔE进行统计分析。显著p值设定为<0.05，随后进行Tukey检验。
所有测试材料在暴露于香烟烟雾后均表现出显著的颜色差异（p<0.05）。对于色号B1，Lmax表现出最大的颜色变化ΔE为17.02，而Emax表现出最小的颜色变化，其次是PFM，其ΔE值分别为10.11和11.2。对于色号C1，6个月时MZr表现出最大的颜色变化（11.47），而Emax表现出最低的ΔE值（7.52）。
传统吸烟会导致牙科陶瓷颜色发生显著变化，这可能会影响患者的美观。所有测试的材料样本的ΔE值均>3.3，高于可接受范围。在Emax和PFM中观察到的颜色变化最小。
