Zhong Shi-Yu, Zhang Xiao-Min, Wu Jia, Wu Na, Feng Qiang, Fu Ze-Qiang
State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Eco-industry, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2023 Aug 8;44(8):4637-4646. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202209038.
A reasonable definition of carbon emission responsibility and inter-provincial carbon compensation is an important approach to promote regional coordinated emission reduction. Here, based on the 2017 multi-regional input-output table, carbon emissions from provinces were decomposed by using the value-added trade decomposition method, the embodied carbon flows between provinces were measured, and a differentiated carbon compensation mechanism based on emission reduction cost was designed, which provides the reference for China to carry out horizontal carbon compensation. The main conclusions were as follows:①the carbon emissions caused by the final demand within the province accounted for 53.56%, whereas the carbon emissions caused by the final demand outside the province accounted for 32.49%. The embodied carbon flows among provinces showed a significant existence. ②The embodied carbon showed a significant flow characteristic of transferring from the northern and central regions to the Beijing-Tianjin region and the southeastern coastal regions. ③From the perspective of producers, consumers, and shared responsibility, the total carbon emissions of provinces and cities were equal, and the distribution idea of shared responsibility reflected the "benefit principle." ④There were differences in carbon emission reduction costs between provinces. In areas with low carbon emission reduction costs, direct carbon emissions were high, and the industries were dominated by heavy industry. In areas with high carbon emission reduction costs, direct carbon emissions were low, and the industries were high-tech industries and service industries. ⑤The amount of compensation to be paid/accepted by provinces varied based on the cost of emission reduction. Among them, Guangdong had the highest amount of compensation to be paid, and Inner Mongolia had the highest amount of compensation to be accepted.
合理界定碳排放责任与省际碳补偿是促进区域协同减排的重要途径。在此，基于2017年多区域投入产出表，运用增加值贸易分解法对各省碳排放进行分解，测度省际间隐含碳流动，并设计基于减排成本的差异化碳补偿机制，为我国开展横向碳补偿提供参考。主要结论如下：①省内最终需求导致的碳排放占53.56%，而省外最终需求导致的碳排放占32.49%。省际间隐含碳流动显著存在。②隐含碳呈现出从北部和中部地区向京津冀地区及东南沿海地区转移的显著流动特征。③从生产者、消费者和共同责任角度看，省市碳排放总量相等，共同责任分配理念体现了“效益原则”。④各省减排成本存在差异。减排成本低的地区，直接碳排放高，产业以重工业为主。减排成本高的地区，直接碳排放低，产业为高新技术产业和服务业。⑤各省应支付/接受的补偿量因减排成本而异。其中，广东应支付的补偿量最高，内蒙古应接受的补偿量最高。
