Peñalver Rosa, Pérez-Álvarez María Dolores, Arroyo-Manzanares Natalia, Campillo Natalia, Viñas Pilar
Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, E-30100, Murcia, Spain.
Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, E-30100, Murcia, Spain.
Chemosphere. 2023 Nov;341:140141. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140141. Epub 2023 Sep 9.
The presence and impacts of microplastics (MPs) are being extensively researched and reviewed, especially in the marine environment. However, mobility, transportation routes, and accumulation of leaching compounds such as additives in plastic waste including MPs are scarcely studied. Information regarding ecotoxicity and leachability of compounds related to MPs contamination in the environment is limited. Current work presents the levels of leachates from plastic materials in edible-root and non-edible root vegetables. Samples were analyzed by static headspace and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SHS-GC-MS) and the presence of 93 putative compounds was accurately monitored in the samples by the usage of Mass Spectrometry-Data Independent Analysis software. The application of chemometrics to the SHS-GC-MS dataset allowed differentiation between the levels of plastic related compounds in edible root and non-edible root vegetables, the former showing a higher content of plastic leachates. For SHS sampling, 3 g of the sample were incubated at 130 °C for 35 min in the HS vial and toluene and naphthalene were added as internal standards for quantification purposes. The developed SHS-GC-MS methodology is straightforward, reliable, and robust and allowed the quantification of sixteen plastic associated compounds in the samples studied in a range from 0.14 to 28800 ng g corresponding to 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol and p,α-dimethylstyrene, respectively. Several of the quantified compounds pointed out to potential contamination of polystyrene and/or polyvinyl chloride MPs.
微塑料（MPs）的存在及其影响正在得到广泛研究和综述，尤其是在海洋环境中。然而，塑料废弃物（包括微塑料）中添加剂等沥滤化合物的迁移性、运输途径和积累情况却鲜有研究。关于环境中与微塑料污染相关化合物的生态毒性和可沥滤性的信息有限。当前的研究展示了食用根菜类和非食用根菜类蔬菜中塑料材料的沥滤液水平。通过静态顶空和气相色谱 - 质谱联用仪（SHS - GC - MS）对样品进行分析，并使用质谱 - 数据非依赖分析软件准确监测样品中93种推定化合物的存在。化学计量学应用于SHS - GC - MS数据集，能够区分食用根菜类和非食用根菜类蔬菜中与塑料相关化合物的水平，前者显示出更高的塑料沥滤液含量。对于SHS采样，将3克样品在顶空瓶中于130°C孵育35分钟，并添加甲苯和萘作为定量内标。所开发的SHS - GC - MS方法简单、可靠且稳健，能够对所研究样品中的16种与塑料相关的化合物进行定量，其含量范围分别对应于2,4 - 二叔丁基苯酚和对，α - 二甲基苯乙烯，为0.14至28800 ng g。一些定量化合物表明存在聚苯乙烯和/或聚氯乙烯微塑料的潜在污染。
