Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Duke University, Levine Science Research Center Box 90999, Durham, NC, 27708, USA.
Psychon Bull Rev. 2024 Apr;31(2):484-506. doi: 10.3758/s13423-023-02375-2. Epub 2023 Sep 12.
Our daily experiences unfold continuously, but we remember them as a series of discrete events through a process called event segmentation. Prominent theories of event segmentation suggest that event boundaries in memory are triggered by significant shifts in the external environment, such as a change in one's physical surroundings. In this review, we argue for a fundamental extension of this research field to also encompass internal state changes as playing a key role in structuring event memory. Accordingly, we propose an expanded taxonomy of event boundary-triggering processes, and review behavioral and neuroscience research on internal state changes in three core domains: affective states, goal states, and motivational states. Finally, we evaluate how well current theoretical frameworks can accommodate the unique and interactive contributions of internal states to event memory. We conclude that a theoretical perspective on event memory that integrates both external environment and internal state changes allows for a more complete understanding of how the brain structures experiences, with important implications for future research in cognitive and clinical neuroscience.
我们的日常体验是连续不断展开的，但我们通过一个称为事件分割的过程将它们记忆为一系列离散的事件。突出的事件分割理论表明，记忆中的事件边界是由外部环境的显著变化触发的，例如一个人所处的物理环境的变化。在这篇综述中，我们认为该研究领域的一个基本扩展也应将内部状态变化作为构建事件记忆的关键因素包含在内。因此，我们提出了一个扩展的事件边界触发过程分类法，并回顾了行为和神经科学在三个核心领域（情感状态、目标状态和动机状态）中内部状态变化的研究。最后，我们评估了当前理论框架在多大程度上可以适应内部状态对事件记忆的独特和交互贡献。我们得出结论，一个将外部环境和内部状态变化结合起来的事件记忆理论视角，可以更全面地理解大脑如何构建体验，这对认知和临床神经科学的未来研究具有重要意义。
