Philosophy Doctor in Medicine Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia.
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia.
Med Arch. 2023;77(3):178-182. doi: 10.5455/medarh.2023.77.178-182.
Smoking is the leading cause of death in worldwide and is known as one of the risk factors in the development and pathogenesis of several diseases and most are respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. Secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure is associated with negative health consequences including respiratory tract infection, asthma, and cancer. One of the pathogenesis that has known to cause these diseases is inflammation. Garlic () is a medicinal herb that contains and other active constituents that are known to have anti-inflammatory ability by suppressing the expression and production of proinflammatory cytokines that will cause inflammation.
The aim of this study is; to analyze the anti-inflammatory action of ethanol extract to prevent lung damage in the smoker rat model.
This is a case-control study with five groups of rats each group contains of three rats. The five groups were negative control (KN), 10 days (10d) smoker (K1), 20 days (20d) smoker (K2), 20d smoker treated with for 10 days (K3) and 20d smoker treated with for 20 days (K4). After 20 days all animals were sacrificed and histological preparation of lung organs was observed under a microscope with 100 dan 400 times magnification and then captured by photomicrograph for analyzed.
There were improvements in lung structure both in group K3 and K4 . there was a decrease of leucocytes and inflammatory cells infiltration that covered almost all alveolar surface to 10-20% surface area and the dilated alveoli decrease from more than 50% to less than 30% area. The bronchus was clean in both two groups compared to the groups that were not treated with .
This study shows that ethanol extract has the ability to prevent lung damage in the smoker rat model.
吸烟是全球范围内主要的死亡原因之一，被认为是多种疾病的发展和发病机制的危险因素之一，其中大多数是呼吸道和心血管疾病。二手烟（SHS）暴露与负面健康后果有关，包括呼吸道感染、哮喘和癌症。已知导致这些疾病的发病机制之一是炎症。大蒜（）是一种药用植物，含有和其他活性成分，通过抑制促炎细胞因子的表达和产生来发挥抗炎作用。
本研究旨在分析大蒜乙醇提取物的抗炎作用，以预防吸烟大鼠模型中的肺损伤。
这是一项病例对照研究，每组包含 3 只大鼠，共分为 5 组。这 5 组分别为阴性对照组（KN）、10 天吸烟组（K1）、20 天吸烟组（K2）、10 天用大蒜治疗的 20 天吸烟组（K3）和 20 天用大蒜治疗的 20 天吸烟组（K4）。20 天后，所有动物均被处死，并对肺器官的组织学制备进行观察，在 100 倍和 400 倍显微镜下观察，并通过照相显微镜拍摄进行分析。
K3 组和 K4 组的肺结构均有改善。白细胞和炎症细胞浸润减少，几乎覆盖所有肺泡表面的 10-20%面积，扩张的肺泡面积从超过 50%减少到小于 30%。与未用治疗的组相比，两组的支气管都很干净。
本研究表明，大蒜乙醇提取物具有预防吸烟大鼠模型肺损伤的能力。
