Xu Zebang, Yang Bin, Yi Kangle, Chen Tianrong, Xu Xinxin, Sun Ao, Li Haobang, Li Jianbo, He Fang, Huan Cheng, Luo Yang, Wang Jiakun
Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, Zhejiang, China.
Anim Nutr. 2023 Jul 20;15:1-9. doi: 10.1016/j.aninu.2023.06.012. eCollection 2023 Dec.
Eco-friendly and efficient strategies for eliminating cadmium (Cd) phytoremediation plant residues are needed. The present study investigated the feasibility of feeding Cd accumulator maize to beef cattle. In total, 20 cattle at 6 months of age were selected and randomly allocated into two groups fed with 85.82% (fresh basis) Cd accumulator maize (CAM) or normal maize (control [Con]) silage diets for 107 d. Feeding CAM did not affect the body weight ( = 0.24), while it decreased feed intake and increased feed efficiency of beef cattle ( < 0.01). Feeding CAM increased serum concentrations of immunoglobulin A and G, complement 3 and 4, blood urea nitrogen, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, decreased serum concentrations of interleukin-6 and lipopolysaccharide ( < 0.05), and caused wider lumens in the renal tubules. The Cd residue in meat was 7 μg/kg beyond the restriction for human food. In the muscle, the unsaturated fatty acids (t11C18:1 and C20:4), Lys, Arg, Pro, and Cys were decreased, while the saturated fatty acids (C10:0, C12:0, and C17:0) and Leu were increased ( < 0.05). Therefore, at the current feeding level, phytoremediation maize increased the feed efficiency of beef cattle, but did present risks to cattle health and production safety, and decreased the meat nutrition and flavor. Further research must be performed to determine whether a lower proper dose of phytoremediation maize and an appropriate feeding period may be possible to ensure no risk to cattle health and the supply of safe meat for humans.
需要采用环保且高效的策略来处理镉（Cd）植物修复植物残体。本研究调查了用镉富集型玉米饲喂肉牛的可行性。总共挑选了20头6月龄的牛，随机分为两组，分别饲喂含85.82%（鲜重）镉富集型玉米（CAM）或普通玉米（对照[Con]）青贮饲料，为期107天。饲喂CAM对体重没有影响（P = 0.24），但降低了采食量并提高了肉牛的饲料效率（P < 0.01）。饲喂CAM增加了血清免疫球蛋白A和G、补体3和4、血尿素氮以及低密度脂蛋白胆固醇的浓度，降低了血清白细胞介素-6和脂多糖的浓度（P < 0.05），并导致肾小管管腔变宽。肉中的镉残留量为7μg/kg，超过了人类食品的限制标准。在肌肉中，不饱和脂肪酸（t11C18:1和C20:4）、赖氨酸、精氨酸、脯氨酸和半胱氨酸减少，而饱和脂肪酸（C10:0、C12:0和C17:0）和亮氨酸增加（P < 0.05）。因此，在当前的饲喂水平下，植物修复玉米提高了肉牛的饲料效率，但确实对牛的健康和生产安全构成风险，并降低了肉的营养和风味。必须进行进一步的研究，以确定是否可以采用较低的适宜剂量的植物修复玉米和合适的饲喂期，以确保对牛的健康没有风险，并为人类提供安全的肉类供应。
