Garti Humphrey, Bukari Mohammed, Wemakor Anthony
Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences University for Development Studies Tamale Ghana.
Food Sci Nutr. 2023 Jun 12;11(9):5129-5136. doi: 10.1002/fsn3.3472. eCollection 2023 Sep.
Malnutrition remains a public health concern amidst low proportions of the core infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices, yet, data on specific child feeding practices that are associated with undernutrition are rare. Hence, this study sought to assess child feeding practices and their association with undernutrition among young children. An analytical cross-sectional design was used among mothers/caregivers with children aged 6-23 months, attending child welfare clinics in Techiman municipality, Ghana. Simple random sampling was used to select 8 health facilities, and 403 participants were selected from those facilities using proportional stratification. A 24-h dietary recall based on seven food groups was used to collect data on children's dietary intake and used to derive WHO child feeding indicators. The length, weight, and age of children were taken and used to compute anthropometric -scores. The proportions of children who met their minimum dietary diversity (MDD), minimum meal frequency (MMF), and minimum acceptable diet (MAD) were 44%, 56%, and 36% respectively. Children 6-8 months [AOR=2.24, CI (1.037-4.841); = .04] and 9-11 months [AOR=2.47, CI (1.096-5.573); = .029], those who were not breastfed within the first hour of delivery [AOR = 3.56, CI (1.833-6.912), < .001], and those who were bottle fed [AOR = 2.87, CI (1.374-5.973); = .005] were more likely to be wasted. Children 6-8 months [AOR = 0.29, CI (0.126-0.672); = .004] and 9-11 months [AOR = 0.24, CI (0.104-0.544); = .001] and those who experienced feeding challenges [AOR = 0.52, CI (0.301-0.905); = 0.021] were protected against stunting. The percentages of children who met their MDD, MMF, and MAD were low and not associated with undernutrition. Early initiation of breastfeeding and bottle feeding were associated with acute malnutrition and experiencing feeding challenges was associated with chronic malnutrition. Promoting appropriate child feeding practices can reduce the risk of undernutrition.
在核心婴幼儿喂养（IYCF）做法比例较低的情况下，营养不良仍然是一个公共卫生问题。然而，关于与营养不良相关的具体儿童喂养做法的数据却很少。因此，本研究旨在评估幼儿的儿童喂养做法及其与营养不良的关联。在加纳特奇曼市儿童福利诊所就诊的6至23个月大儿童的母亲/照料者中采用了分析性横断面设计。采用简单随机抽样选取8个卫生设施，并使用比例分层从这些设施中选取403名参与者。基于七个食物组的24小时饮食回顾用于收集儿童饮食摄入量的数据，并用于得出世界卫生组织儿童喂养指标。测量儿童的身长、体重和年龄，并用于计算人体测量分数。达到最低饮食多样性（MDD）、最低进餐频率（MMF）和最低可接受饮食（MAD）的儿童比例分别为44%、56%和36%。6至8个月大的儿童[AOR = 2.24，CI（1.037 - 4.841）；P = 0.04]和9至11个月大的儿童[AOR = 2.47，CI（1.096 - 5.573）；P = 0.029]、出生后第一小时内未进行母乳喂养的儿童[AOR = 3.56，CI（1.833 - 6.912），P < 0.001]以及采用奶瓶喂养的儿童[AOR = 2.87，CI（1.374 - 5.973）；P = 0.005]更有可能消瘦。6至8个月大的儿童[AOR = 0.29，CI（0.126 - 0.672）；P = 0.004]和9至11个月大的儿童[AOR = 0.24，CI（0.104 - 0.544）；P = 0.001]以及经历喂养困难的儿童[AOR = 0.52，CI（0.301 - 0.905）；P = 0.021]受发育迟缓的影响较小。达到MDD、MMF和MAD的儿童百分比很低，且与营养不良无关。早期开始母乳喂养和奶瓶喂养与急性营养不良有关，而经历喂养困难与慢性营养不良有关。推广适当的儿童喂养做法可以降低营养不良的风险。
