Adhikari Roshan Babu, Adhikari Dhakal Madhuri, Ghimire Tirth Raj
Third Pole Conservancy, Wildlife and Eco-health, Bhaktapur, Nepal.
Dorevitch Pathology, Albury, New South Wales, Australia.
Ann Parasitol. 2022;68(4):701-713. doi: 10.17420/ap6804.477.
Buffaloes are one of the most popular domestic ruminants, reared globally for milk and meat. Gastrointestinal (GI) parasitism in these hosts possesses a critical warning factor that severely limits the growth, reproductive performance, and milk production. Thus, the current study aimed to assess the prevalence and diversity of GI parasites in buffaloes in Ratnanagar Chitwan in central Nepal. The fresh faecal samples (n=300) of buffaloes (150 from captive and 150 from semi-captive) were collected and immediately preserved in 2.5% potassium dichromate solution. These samples were processed via direct wet mount, sedimentation, and floatation techniques and examined under a compound microscope at 100×, 400×, and 1000× magnifications. The results showed an overall 90% prevalence of parasites (80% in captive with 22 species and 100% in semi-captive buffaloes with 30 species). Entamoeba and Balantidium coli were the most prevalent parasites among the captives, whereas Entamoeba and Fasciola were dominant in semi-captive populations. In conclusions, buffaloes under semi-captive domestication harbor the higher prevalence and greater diversity of GI parasites. GI parasitism in buffaloes varies with captivity and age. Furthermore, awareness programs to the local farmers for healthy husbandry practices and therapeutic and preventive strategies should be conducted to reduce the parasitic loads and cross-transmission of potential parasites from different environments.
水牛是全球饲养以获取牛奶和肉类的最受欢迎的家养反刍动物之一。这些宿主中的胃肠道寄生虫是一个关键的警示因素,严重限制了其生长、繁殖性能和产奶量。因此,本研究旨在评估尼泊尔中部奇旺拉特纳加的水牛胃肠道寄生虫的流行情况和多样性。收集了水牛的新鲜粪便样本(n = 300)(150份来自圈养,150份来自半圈养),并立即保存在2.5%的重铬酸钾溶液中。这些样本通过直接湿涂片、沉淀和漂浮技术进行处理,并在复合显微镜下以100×, 400×和1000×放大倍数进行检查。结果显示寄生虫总体流行率为90%(圈养水牛中为80%,有22种寄生虫;半圈养水牛中为100%,有30种寄生虫)。内阿米巴和结肠小袋纤毛虫是圈养水牛中最常见的寄生虫,而内阿米巴和肝片吸虫在半圈养水牛中占主导地位。总之,半圈养家养的水牛胃肠道寄生虫的流行率更高,多样性更大。水牛的胃肠道寄生虫感染情况因圈养方式和年龄而异。此外,应向当地农民开展关于健康养殖实践以及治疗和预防策略的宣传项目,以减少寄生虫负荷以及不同环境中潜在寄生虫的交叉传播。