Cascio Christopher N, Selkie Ellen, Moreno Megan A
School of Journalism and Mass Communication, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States.
Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States.
JMIR Res Protoc. 2023 Sep 13;12:e50984. doi: 10.2196/50984.
Technology and digital media (TDM) use is integral to modern adolescence; adolescents have been labeled as "digital natives," since they have had exposure to digital technology for their entire lives. Previous evidence has illustrated TDM's connections with adolescent risk behaviors such as increased alcohol use and social media exposure, as well as relationships with adolescent well-being such as improved socioemotional health and social media connections with peers. Although several recent review articles have described both the benefits and risks of technology use, most individual studies adopt a singular risk-centered approach. In addition, reviews suggest that little evidence exists on the potential mediating and moderating factors between TDM use and well-being and health outcomes, which limits our understanding of what influences the outcomes of interest. Therefore, there is an urgent need to fill these gaps.
This protocol addresses the need to understand how TDM exposure and use affect multiple developmental domains and health outcomes. We address the fragmented nature of previous research, the common focus on single behaviors or conditions, and the typical narrow lens on risks. Our approach further aligns with reviews that called for studies identifying and investigating the factors that moderate the relationships between social media and health behaviors and outcomes.
We will address our objective by longitudinally examining over a 2-year period a common set of adolescent participants (N=400, aged 13-15 years) across 3 studies that adopt a multimethodological approach. Study 1 will use TDM to understand the mechanisms behind adolescent health and risk behaviors. Study 2 will use functional magnetic resonance imaging to understand how positive and negative TDM experiences relate to mental and behavioral health in a subsample of 150 adolescents. Study 3 will use a mixed methods design to evaluate self- and other-generated TDM content as the predictors of socioemotional well-being in sexual and gender minority and non-sexual and gender minority adolescents.
Recruitment is ongoing, and the initial results from the first wave of recruitment are expected in 2024.
This integrated approach to longitudinal data collection from a shared adolescent participant pool will lead to novel analyses and findings, allowing for the examination of the health and well-being risks and benefits associated with TDM use and factors that moderate these relationships. The findings from this study will advance conceptual models and inform new interventions to improve adolescent health.
INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID): DERR1-10.2196/50984.
技术和数字媒体（TDM）的使用是现代青少年生活中不可或缺的一部分；青少年被称为“数字原住民”，因为他们一生都接触数字技术。先前的证据表明，TDM与青少年的风险行为有关，如饮酒增加和社交媒体接触增加，也与青少年的幸福感有关，如社会情感健康改善和与同伴的社交媒体联系。尽管最近有几篇综述文章描述了技术使用的好处和风险，但大多数个体研究都采用单一的以风险为中心的方法。此外，综述表明，关于TDM使用与幸福感和健康结果之间潜在的中介和调节因素的证据很少，这限制了我们对影响相关结果因素的理解。因此，迫切需要填补这些空白。
本方案旨在满足理解TDM接触和使用如何影响多个发展领域和健康结果的需求。我们解决了先前研究的碎片化性质、对单一行为或状况的普遍关注以及对风险的典型狭隘视角。我们的方法进一步与呼吁进行研究以识别和调查调节社交媒体与健康行为及结果之间关系的因素的综述相一致。
我们将通过在2年时间内纵向研究一组共同的青少年参与者（N = 400，年龄在13 - 15岁之间）来实现我们的目标，这一研究跨越3项采用多方法的研究。研究1将使用TDM来理解青少年健康和风险行为背后的机制。研究2将使用功能磁共振成像来理解积极和消极的TDM体验如何与150名青少年子样本中的心理和行为健康相关。研究3将使用混合方法设计来评估自我生成和他人生成的TDM内容，作为性少数和非性少数青少年社会情感幸福感的预测因素。
招募工作正在进行中，预计2024年将得到第一批招募的初步结果。
这种从共享的青少年参与者群体中进行纵向数据收集的综合方法将带来新颖的分析和发现，从而能够审视与TDM使用相关的健康和幸福感风险及益处，以及调节这些关系的因素。本研究的结果将推进概念模型，并为改善青少年健康的新干预措施提供信息。
国际注册报告识别号（IRRID）：DERR1-10.2196/50984。
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