Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Lleida, C/Montserrat Roig, Lleida, 25198, Spain.
SAP ANOIA. Gerencia Territorial Catalunya Central, Institut Català de La Salut, Igualada, 08700, Spain.
BMC Med Educ. 2023 Sep 13;23(1):662. doi: 10.1186/s12909-023-04650-1.
The current shortage of primary care doctors and nurses is causing difficulties in replacement, and this shortage is expected to increase. This situation is more pronounced in rural environments than in urban ones. Family and community care specialty training is a key component of both the transition to clinical practice and the retention of new professionals. The aim of this study is to explore the attitudes and perceptions of internal medicine residents and internal nurse residents trained in a rural teaching unit on factors associated with recruitment and retention, including the role of the specialty training programme.
A qualitative study was conducted. Purposive sampling was used, and thirteen residents from the central Catalonia teaching unit who were in their final year of training participated in semistructured interviews. The data were collected during 2022 and were subsequently analysed with thematic analysis. The study is reported using the COREQ checklist.
Six themes emerged from data related to perceptions and attitudes about the factors associated with recruitment and retention: training programme, characteristics of the family and community specialty, concept of rural life, family and relational factors, economic and resource factors, and recruitment and job opportunities.
Family and community medicine and nursing residents trained in rural settings expressed satisfaction with the specialty programme and most features of primary care, but they experienced a wide range of uncertainties in deciding on their professional future in terms of living in rural areas, family support, financial support and recruitment. This study identifies individual and structural factors that could be of great use to retain doctors and nurses in rural areas.
初级保健医生和护士的短缺导致人员更替困难，预计这一短缺情况将会加剧。这种情况在农村地区比在城市地区更为明显。家庭和社区护理专业培训是从临床实践过渡和保留新专业人员的关键组成部分。本研究旨在探讨接受农村教学单元培训的内科住院医师和内科护士住院医师对与招聘和留用相关因素的态度和看法，包括专业培训计划的作用。
进行了一项定性研究。采用目的抽样法，选取来自加泰罗尼亚中部教学单元的 13 名处于培训最后一年的住院医师参加半结构式访谈。数据于 2022 年收集，随后采用主题分析进行分析。本研究按照 COREQ 清单进行报告。
与招聘和留用相关因素的看法和态度相关的数据产生了 6 个主题：培训计划、家庭和社区专业的特点、农村生活概念、家庭和关系因素、经济和资源因素以及招聘和工作机会。
在农村环境中接受培训的家庭和社区医学及护理住院医师对专业计划和初级保健的大多数方面表示满意，但在决定未来在农村地区生活、家庭支持、经济支持和招聘方面的职业前景时，他们经历了广泛的不确定性。本研究确定了一些个体和结构性因素，这些因素对于留住农村地区的医生和护士可能非常有用。
