Razaq Aneeta, Hayat Tasawar, Khan Sohail A, Alsaedi Ahmed
Department of Mathematics, Quaid-I-Azam University 45320 Islamabad 44000 Pakistan
Nonlinear Analysis and Applied Mathematics (NAAM) Research Group, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University P. O. Box 80207 Jeddah 21589 Saudi Arabia.
Nanoscale Adv. 2023 Aug 8;5(18):4819-4832. doi: 10.1039/d3na00453h. eCollection 2023 Sep 12.
Here, the hydromagnetic entropy optimized flow of a hybrid (Pb + FeO/CHO) nanoliquid by a curved stretchable surface is addressed. The Darcy-Forchheimer model is utilized for porous space. Lead (Pb) and ferric oxide (FeO) are considered the nanoparticles and ethylene glycol (CHO) as the base liquid. Thermal expression consists of dissipation and ohmic heating. Entropy generation is under consideration. The Cattaneo-Christov heat flux impact is discussed. Non-dimensional partial expressions by adequate transformations have been reduced to ordinary differential systems. The ND-solve technique is implemented for numerical solutions of dimensionless systems. Graphical illustrations of velocity, thermal field and entropy against influential variables for both nanoliquid (Pb/CHO) and hybrid nanoliquid (Pb + FeO/CHO) are presented. Graphical illustrations of velocity, thermal field and entropy against sundry variables for both nanoliquid (Pb/CHO) and hybrid nanoliquid (Pb + FeO/CHO) are presented. Influences of sundry variables on the Nusselt number and drag force for both nanoliquid (Pb/CHO) and hybrid nanoliquid (Pb + FeO/CHO) are examined. A higher thermal relaxation time tends to intensify the heat transport rate and temperature. An increment in the magnetic variable leads to an enhancement of the entropy and thermal field. An improvement in liquid flow is seen for volume fraction variables. Velocity against the porosity variable and Forchheimer number is reduced. The Brinkman number leads to maximization of entropy generation.
在此,研究了由弯曲可拉伸表面驱动的混合(Pb + FeO/CHO)纳米流体的磁流体熵优化流动。达西 - 福希海默模型用于多孔空间。铅(Pb)和氧化铁(FeO)被视为纳米颗粒,乙二醇(CHO)作为基液。热表达式包括耗散和欧姆加热。考虑了熵产生。讨论了卡塔尼奥 - 克里斯托夫热流的影响。通过适当变换得到的无量纲偏微分表达式已简化为常微分方程组。采用ND - 求解技术对无量纲方程组进行数值求解。给出了纳米流体(Pb/CHO)和混合纳米流体(Pb + FeO/CHO)的速度、温度场和熵随影响变量变化的图形。考察了纳米流体(Pb/CHO)和混合纳米流体(Pb + FeO/CHO)的各种变量对努塞尔数和阻力的影响。较高的热弛豫时间倾向于增强热传输速率和温度。磁变量的增加导致熵和温度场增强。体积分数变量使液体流动得到改善。速度随孔隙率变量和福希海默数降低。布林克曼数导致熵产生最大化。