Hokkaido Research Center, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.
Theoretical and Experimental Ecology Station, CNRS, Moulis, France.
Ecol Lett. 2023 Nov;26(11):1963-1973. doi: 10.1111/ele.14300. Epub 2023 Sep 14.
Plant density and size - two factors that represent plant survival and growth - are key determinants of yield but have rarely been analysed explicitly in the context of biodiversity-productivity relationships. Here, we derive equations to partition the net, complementarity and selection effects of biodiversity into additive components that reflect diversity-induced changes in plant density and size. Applications of the new method to empirical datasets reveal contrasting ways in which plant density and size regulate yield in species mixtures. In an annual plant diversity experiment, overyielding is largely explained by selection effects associated with increased size of highly productive plant species. In a tree diversity experiment, the cause of overyielding shifts from enhanced growth in tree size to reduced mortality by complementary use of canopy space during stand development. These results highlight the capability of the new method to resolve crucial, yet understudied, demographic links between biodiversity and productivity.
植物密度和大小——代表植物生存和生长的两个因素——是产量的关键决定因素，但在生物多样性与生产力关系的背景下，它们很少被明确分析。在这里，我们推导出了将生物多样性的净效应、互补效应和选择效应分解为反映植物密度和大小变化的加性成分的方程。新方法在经验数据集上的应用揭示了植物密度和大小在物种混合中调节产量的不同方式。在一项一年生植物多样性实验中，过度产生主要归因于与高生产力植物物种大小增加相关的选择效应。在一项树木多样性实验中，过度产生的原因从树木大小的生长增强转变为通过树冠空间的互补利用来降低林分发育过程中的死亡率。这些结果突出了新方法解决生物多样性与生产力之间关键但研究不足的人口统计联系的能力。
